Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

 NeueHealth reports a nearly quarter-billion net loss during Q4 earnings “NeueHealth posted a $242 million net loss during its fourth-quarter earnings March 6, as the insurtech attempts to turn a corner after a tumultuous 2023.
The company recorded a net loss of $1.2 billion last year, but it achieved $292 million in revenue last quarter, up 29% year-over-year, and $1.2 billion in full-year consolidated revenue, a 55% increase year-over-year. Earnings per share came in at a loss of $30.47, though that jumps to $19.54 in the black once it excluded discontinued operations.
NeueHealth rebranded from Bright Health in January, attempting to put its past troubles in the rearview mirror.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

UPMC reports almost $200M operating loss as expenses rise “Pittsburgh-based UPMC, a 40-hospital system, has reported a 2023 operating loss of $198.3 million (-0.7% operating margin) on revenue of $27.7 billion. 
Those figures compare with a $162.1 million operating gain on revenue of $25.5 billion in 2022. Expenses in 2023, totaling $27.9 billion, were approximately 10% up on 2022. That included a 13.6% jump in insurance claims expenses. 
The healthcare system's measure of inpatient activity grew 3% over the previous year while average outpatient revenue per workday rose 10% and average physician revenue per weekday grew by 9%.”

Mayo Clinic closed out 2023 with $18B in revenue, 6% operating margin “Rochester, Minnesota-based Mayo Clinic reported revenue of $17.9 billion in 2023, outpacing expenses by over $1 billion and resulting in what the health system called a “mission-sustaining” 6% operating margin.
The revenue figure, which compared with $16.3 billion in 2022, included investments totaling $536 million which were used to support current operating activities, the health system recently reported in financial disclosures.
The organization saw its net medical service revenue grow 8.8% year over year to $15.1 billion.
Though revenue outpaced expenses, the health system's expenses were up 7.4% compared to 2022, totaling $16.9 billion for the year. Mayo Clinic said it welcomed 14,000 new staffing roles into the system in 2023, up almost 5% from 2022.”

Trauma Center Hospitals Charged Higher Prices For Some Nontrauma Care Than Non–Trauma Center Hospitals, 2012–18 “Hospitals serving as trauma centers are often endowed by regulators with monopoly power over trauma services in their geographic areas, and this monopoly power may spill over to nontrauma services. This study focused on the growing number of designated trauma centers and how trauma center status affects hospital prices for other, nontrauma services. We found that hospitals designated as trauma centers charged higher prices for nontrauma inpatient admissions and nontrauma emergency department visits when compared with hospitals that were not designated as trauma centers, even after controlling for potential confounders.” 

About pharma

 Drugmakers take Biden health-care win to court today “A federal judge in New Jersey accepted Bristol Myers Squibb, Novo Nordisk, Novartis and Johnson & Johnson’s request to present oral arguments jointly, citing the “overlapping nature” of their claims. Notably, each defendant manufactures one of the 10 drugs selected for Medicare’s inaugural round of price negotiations.”

Another day, another win for Novo in obesity, as early oral med appears to beat Wegovy “Novo Nordisk appears to have blown its own drug Wegovy out of the water. The Danish pharma reported early results for a next-gen oral weight loss drug called amycretin, showing 13.1% weight loss after 12 weeks.
Reporting the early phase 1 results during a capital markets day Thursday, Novo was sparse on details but still generated significant excitement.
Amycretin is a GLP-1 and amylin receptor agonist that Novo is hoping will show additive benefits with a differentiated mode of action from its comparable GLP-1 drug semaglutide, marketed as Wegovy for weight loss and Ozempic for diabetes. The therapy is dosed once daily—which could prove to be a huge improvement over the weekly injections of Wegovy and competitor Zepbound, which is marketed by Eli Lilly.”

Medicare Part D Plans Greatly Increased Utilization Restrictions On Prescription Drugs, 2011–20 “We examined trends in the prevalence of utilization restrictions on non-protected-class compounds in Medicare Part D plans during the period 2011–20, including prior authorization and step therapy requirements as well as formulary exclusions. Part D plans became significantly more restrictive over time, rising from an average of 31.9 percent of compounds restricted in 2011 to 44.4 percent restricted in 2020. The prevalence of formulary exclusions grew particularly fast: By 2020, plan formularies excluded an average of 44.7 percent of brand-name-only compounds. Formulary restrictions were more common among brand-name-only compared with generic-available compounds, among more expensive compounds, and in stand-alone compared with Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans.”

Boehringer Ingelheim to cap asthma inhaler out-of-pocket costs at $35 “Facing criticism over its pricing, Boehringer Ingelheim plans to cap out-of-pocket costs at $35 a month for its entire line of inhalers that are used to combat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The program, which begins on June 1, is directed at Americans with commercial health insurance, but also at those who lack insurance and, therefore, must pay cash for their inhalers. In taking this step, the company cast its efforts as a bid to assist ‘vulnerable’ patients at a time when an increasing number of people are complaining about the cost of prescription drugs.”

About the public’s health

Do the associations of daily steps with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease differ by sedentary time levels? A device-based cohort study “Any amount of daily steps above the referent 2200 steps/day was associated with lower mortality and incident CVD risk, for low and high sedentary time. Accruing 9000–10 500 steps/day was associated with the lowest mortality risk independent of sedentary time. For a roughly equivalent number of steps/day, the risk of incident CVD was lower for low sedentary time compared with high sedentary time.” 

Cancer-causing chemical found in Clinique, Clearasil acne treatments, US lab reports “High levels of cancer-causing chemical benzene were detected in some acne treatments from brands including Estee Lauder's Clinique, Target's Up & Up and Reckitt Benckiser-owned Clearasil, said independent U.S. laboratory Valisure.
Valisure has also filed a petition with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, calling on the regulator to recall the products, conduct an investigation and revise industry guidance, the New Haven, Connecticut-based lab said on Wednesday.”

Plastics, Fossil Carbon, and the Heart “In this issue of the [New England Journal of Medicine], the results of the prospective study by Marfella et al. on the asso- ciation of microplastics and nanoplastics with cardiovascular outcomes further expand our understanding of the health hazards posed by plastics. This study, which included 312 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy, showed that microplastics and nanoplastics were detect- able in the excised plaque of 58% of the patients. The presence of microplastics or nanoplastics in carotid artery plaque was associated with a sub- sequent risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from any cause that was 2.1 times that in patients whose plaques did not contain microplastics or nanoplastics. Patients with microplastics or nanoplastics in their plaque tissue also had elevated expression of circulating inflammatory markers…
Previous investigations have detected micro- plastics and nanoplastics in multiple tissues, including colon, placenta, liver, spleen, and lymph node tissues. Animal studies indicate that micro- plastics and nanoplastics can cause toxic effects at multiple sites, potentially by inducing oxidative stress…
What can physicians and other health professionals do? The first step is to recognize that the low cost and convenience of plastics are deceptive and that, in fact, they mask great harms, such as the potential contribution by plastics to outcomes associated with atherosclerotic plaque. We need to encourage our patients to reduce their use of plastics, especially unnecessary single-use items. We need to inventory our own and our institutions’ use of plastics and identify areas for reduction. We need to express our strong support for the United Nations Global Plastics Treaty. We need to argue for inclusion in the treaty of a mandatory global cap on plastic production, with targets and timetables, restrictions on single-use plastics, and comprehensive regulation of plastic chemicals.”

Today's News and Commentary

Issue Request for Public Input as Part of Inquiry into Impacts of Corporate Ownership Trend in Health Care “The Justice Department’s Antitrust Division, Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) jointly launched a cross-government public inquiry into private-equity and other corporations’ increasing control over health care.
Private equity firms and other corporate owners are increasingly involved in health care system transactions and, at times, those transactions may lead to a maximizing of profits at the expense of quality care. The cross-government inquiry seeks to understand how certain health care market transactions may increase consolidation and generate profits for firms while threatening patients’ health, workers’ safety, quality of care and affordable health care for patients and taxpayers.
The agencies issued a Request for Information (RFI) requesting public comment on deals conducted by health systems, private payers, private equity funds and other alternative asset managers that involve health care providers, facilities or ancillary products or services. The RFI also requests information on transactions that would not be reported to the Justice Department or FTC for antitrust review under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act.”

About Covid-19

A reminder:
USPS will stop accepting orders for free COVID tests on March 8 “Two government-run efforts to distribute free COVID-19 tests and to offer free courses of Pfizer's Paxlovid antiviral are set to end Friday, as trends of the virus have largely slowed.
The Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, or ASPR, will stop accepting orders to ship COVID-19 tests to all households through the U.S. Postal Service, an agency spokesperson confirmed, marking an end to this season's round of shipments.”

Updated COVID shot expected this fall, says CDC director “Researchers are working on selecting a strain for the upcoming version, and will probably wait until May to pick one to target with vaccines, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Mandy Cohen said in an interview at Bloomberg’s offices in Washington.” 

About health insurance/insurers

HHS Statement Regarding the Cyberattack on Change Healthcare “Today, HHS is announcing immediate steps that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is taking to assist providers to continue to serve patients. CMS will continue to communicate with the health care community and assist, as appropriate. Providers should continue to work with all their payers for the latest updates on how to receive timely payments.

Affected parties should be aware of the following flexibilities in place:

  • Medicare providers needing to change clearinghouses that they use for claims processing during these outages should contact their Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) to request a new electronic data interchange (EDI) enrollment for the switch. The MAC will provide instructions based on the specific request to expedite the new EDI enrollment. CMS has instructed the MACs to expedite this process and move all provider and facility requests into production and ready to bill claims quickly. CMS is strongly encouraging other payers, including state Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) agencies and Medicaid and CHIP managed care plans, to waive or expedite solutions for this requirement.

  • CMS will issue guidance to Medicare Advantage (MA) organizations and Part D sponsors encouraging them to remove or relax prior authorization, other utilization management, and timely filing requirements during these system outages. CMS is also encouraging MA plans to offer advance funding to providers most affected by this cyberattack.

  • CMS strongly encourages Medicaid and CHIP managed care plans to adopt the same strategies of removing or relaxing prior authorization and utilization management requirements, and consider offering advance funding to providers, on behalf of Medicaid and CHIP managed care enrollees to the extent permitted by the State. 

  • If Medicare providers are having trouble filing claims or other necessary notices or other submissions, they should contact their MAC for details on exceptions, waivers, or extensions, or contact CMS regarding quality reporting programs.

  • CMS has contacted all of the MACs to make sure they are prepared to accept paper claims from providers who need to file them. While we recognize that electronic billing is preferable for everyone, the MACs must accept paper submissions if a provider needs to file claims in that method.”

Comment: Strongly encouraging and issuing guidance does not help providers get paid.

The Medicare Advantage Quality Bonus Program New Ideas and New Conversations Really good summary from The Urban Institute.
“Based on a review of the literature and interviews with six prominent experts in quality measurement and Medicare performance, we suggest a revised structure for ensuring adequate administrative performance and quality in MA. We recommend the following policies be implemented to replace the QBP:

1. Implement enhanced, more stringent Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services oversight of MA plans to ensure adherence to their contractual obligations on various administrative responsibilities, concentrating on areas of demonstrated substandard performance, like prior authorization and claims denials.
2. Use a limited number of validated quality measures to identify exceptional and poor MA plan performance in areas of interest. These measures would be focused on prevention activities and, where possible, patient-reported outcomes and patient experiences with their health plan. Measurement would be limited to identifying exceptionally strong and poor performance, not broadly rating or ranking MA plans, and need not be made public.
3. Replace the current regime of external performance measurement that provides overly generous rewards without penalties with a program that encourages or requires MA plans to implement quality improvement projects or adopt continuous quality improvement methods.”

 The state canceling $2B in medical debt “Up to 1 million residents in Arizona may have their medical debt forgiven through a new program the state's governor announced March 4. 
Arizona Gov. Katie Hobbs said the state has partnered with RIP Medical Debt, a nonprofit that buys and eliminates debt, to cancel approximately $2 billion in residents' medical debt. Through the partnership, Arizona will make up to $30 million in COVID-19 relief funds available for the nonprofit to use for debt purchasing.”

About pharma

 Gilead tries new triple-target T-cell engagers in $1.5B-plus Merus collab “Gilead and Merus have inked a partnership worth more than $1.5 billion to discover trispecific T-cell engagers, the companies announced Wednesday. In exchange for $56 million in upfront cash plus a $25 million equity investment from Gilead, Merus will lead early-stage research on two programs, with the potential for a third.” 

About the public’s health

 FDA advisory panel recommends a streamlined flu vaccine for next fall “Experts who advise the Food and Drug Administration on vaccine-related issues voted unanimously on Tuesday to recommend that the FDA approve trivalent flu vaccines for the 2024-2025 season, instead of the quadrivalent, or four-in-one, shots that have been the industry standard for the past decade or so.
The Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee — VRBPAC, as it’s known — has been pushing for the removal of one of the influenza B components in flu vaccines, the portion that targeted B/Yamagata viruses, for some time now. B/Yamagata viruses haven’t been detected anywhere in the world since late March 2020, when Covid pandemic lockdowns and social distancing appeared to have halted circulation of this family of lineage of flu B.”

PrEP Discontinuation In A US National Cohort Of Sexual And Gender Minority Populations, 2017–22 “We found a high annual rate of discontinuation (35–40 percent) after PrEP initiation. Multivariable analysis with 6,410 person-years identified housing instability and prior history of PrEP discontinuation as predictors of discontinuation. Conversely, older age, clinical indication for PrEP, and having health insurance were associated with ongoing PrEP use. To promote sustained PrEP use, strategies should focus on supporting those at high risk for discontinuation, such as younger people, those without stable housing or health insurance, and prior PrEP discontinuers.”

About healthcare IT

 GE HealthCare, Vanderbilt AI models predict immunotherapy responses among cancer patients “GE HealthCare said its artificial intelligence programs were able to help predict cancer patients’ responses to immunotherapies by finding patterns within routinely collected clinical data.
Developed through a yearslong collaboration with Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), the models were able to parse electronic medical records and digest real-world information such as diagnosis codes and certain medication regimens; additional, manually entered inputs included the patient’s smoking history and the number of previous immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs they had taken.
According to the company, the algorithms were able to deliver 70% to 80% accuracy in forecasting efficacy outcomes and the likelihood of unwanted side effects—across a range of different cancer types, including melanoma and lung or genitourinary cancers—by analyzing deidentified demographic, genomic, tumor, cellular, proteomic and imaging data collected from more than 2,200 VUMC patients.”

About health technology

 FDA Clears First Over-the-Counter Continuous Glucose Monitor “U.S. Food and Drug Administration cleared for marketing the first over-the-counter (OTC) continuous glucose monitor (CGM). The Dexcom Stelo Glucose Biosensor System is an integrated CGM (iCGM) intended for anyone 18 years and older who does not use insulin, such as individuals with diabetes treating their condition with oral medications, or those without diabetes who want to better understand how diet and exercise may impact blood sugar levels. Importantly, this system is not for individuals with problematic hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) as the system is not designed to alert the user to this potentially dangerous condition.”

About healthcare finance

 Healthcare M&A: 10-point status update A good update on this activity.

Morningstar Indexes Selected by IMX Health for First Healthcare Futures Exchange Product Offering “ Morningstar, Inc…. announced that the Intelligent Medicine Exchange (“IMX”), the first futures and options exchange focused on the healthcare economy, has aligned with Morningstar Indexes to offer its first futures product. The IMX exchange was designated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in January of this year.
Healthcare represents nearly 20% of U.S. GDP but until IMX there was no dedicated derivatives market specifically focused on managing healthcare risk.
The new futures product from IMX Health will be based on the Morningstar US Healthcare Index, which measures the performance of approximately 170 U.S. public healthcare companies representing biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, research services, home healthcare, hospitals, long-term care facilities and medical equipment and supplies. This market capitalization-weighted index is designed for optimal tradability and liquidity. Among the largest current holdings in the index are household names like UnitedHealth, Eli Lilly, and Johnson & Johnson.”

Today's News and Commentary

Congress reaches spending deal with doc pay bump, delayed DSH cuts and more Good summary of the health provisions.

White House turns to health care in Biden’s latest move against ‘corporate greed’ “The White House plans to announce a new federal task force focused on easing health care costs, according to three people with direct knowledge of the matter.
The move comes as President Joe Biden seeks new ways to show voters he’s cracking down on the so-called corporate greed that he has increasingly blamed for high prices — a message he is expected to highlight during his State of the Union address on Thursday.”

About Covid-19

U.S. suspending free COVID test distribution once again “Orders for free tests placed on or before Friday will be delivered, per HHS.

About health insurance/insurers

Mounting headwinds in Medicare Advantage market haven’t stopped growth From a Chartis Report: “The following changes are shaping the market:  

  • Enrollment trends: Half of Medicare-eligible individuals are now in Medicare Advantage plans. The market grew by 1.7 million beneficiaries (+5.4%), slowing down from the previous year’s record growth of 2.7 million (+9.4%). Notably, for-profit carriers like United, Humana, and Aetna collectively captured 1.4 million new members: 86% of the total market’s growth.

  • Special Needs Plan (SNP) growth: SNP enrollment has surged, adding 1.2 million members. Nearly 7 in 10 new Medicare Advantage enrollees opted for SNPs. This growth is particularly pronounced in Chronic Condition SNPs (C-SNPs). The top 5 plans now represent 77% of the SNP market.

  • Plan options and preferences: The number of plan options are roughly flat from the previous year, with the average senior having access to 44 plans. In contrast, the trend of the past five years has been 80% growth. Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) have increased, constituting 43% of all plans offered, up from 31% in 2019.

  • Market dynamics and quality: Medicare Advantage enrollment and social vulnerability are related. Counties with higher vulnerability scores show greater penetration rates (53%) compared to counties with lower scores (45%). Meanwhile, quality remains a concern as plans struggle to maintain quality scores. Average star ratings continued their decline and this year approximately one-quarter of beneficiaries are enrolled in a plan with less than four stars.

  • Market outlook and executive sentiment: Health plans face recent market challenges, including declining payment rates, growing medical cost pressures, and an expanding regulatory burden. But 79% of plan executives express optimism about the next five years, expecting neutral or positive overall outcomes. 84% anticipate membership growth equal to or greater than the current year, indicating confidence in the stability and growth potential of the market.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Nonprofits Aspirus Health, St. Luke's Duluth close 19-hospital merger “Wausau, Wisconsin-based Aspirus Health and Duluth, Minnesota-based St. Luke's have closed their merger and are now a 19-hospital entity spread across Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan's Upper Peninsula…” 

Providers losing $100M daily over Change Healthcare hack: Report “Some larger health systems are bleeding over $100 million daily because of the interruptions to the Optum subsidiary's payer systems, cybersecurity company First Health Advisory told multiple news outlets.”

About pharma

 Ohio Fines CVS $1.5 Million Over Safety and Staffing Issues “CVS Health, the nation’s largest pharmacy chain with more than 9,000 locations, has been fined more than $1.5 million by Ohio regulators over problems connected to understaffing and patient safety, officials said.
The fines are part of a settlement of 27 cases involving various safety concerns that were uncovered during a series of inspections of 22 pharmacies between 2020 and 2023, the State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy said in a statement on Thursday.
The board said that it found, among other things, improper drug security, errors dispensing drugs, prescription delays, lack of general cleanliness, understaffing and failure to report losses of controlled substances.”

Mark Cuban says Cost Plus Drugs targeting generic meds in short supply as it opens manufacturing facilityMark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company will begin manufacturing its own generic medications this week, starting with sterile injectables, founder and CEO Alex Oshmyansky, M.D., Ph.D., said Monday during a White House roundtable on lowering healthcare costs.
The company, which launched just two years ago, will first manufacture commercial batches of epinephrine and norepinephrine for patients in the intensive care unit…”

Drugmakers send counter offers for U.S. Medicare price negotiations, Biden says “The manufacturers of 10 high-cost drugs selected for the U.S. Medicare program's first-ever pricing negotiations have submitted counter offers to the U.S. government's initial proposal, U.S. President Joe Biden said on Monday.
The negotiation program, passed as part of 2022's Inflation Reduction Act, allows Medicare to negotiate prices for the high-cost drugs. Medicare covers Americans aged 65 and above.”

About the public’s health

Screen Time and Parent-Child Talk When Children Are Aged 12 to 36 Months Findings  This cohort study found a negative association between screen time and measures of parent-child talk across those early years. For every additional minute of screen time, children heard fewer adult words, spoke fewer vocalizations, and engaged in fewer back-and-forth interactions.
Meaning  This study suggests that screen time is a mechanism that may be getting in the way of children experiencing a language-rich home environment during the early years; interventions aiming to promote early use of language should include support to manage screen time.”

About healthcare IT

 Sixth Semi-Annual Hospital Price Transparency Report February 2024 “Our latest review, conducted three years after the Hospital Price Transparency Rule took effect, analyzed the websites of 2,000 U.S. hospitals and found only 34.5% of them (689) to be fully compliant with all requirements of the rule. Although the majority of hospitals have posted files, the widespread noncompliance of 65.5% of hospitals is due to files being incomplete or not having prices clearly associated with both payer and plan. Eighty-seven of the hospitals reviewed for this report had no usable standard charges file.”
Comment: Where is the federal enforcement?

About health technology

 Epigenetic silencing lasts long-term in mice, bolstering case for therapeutic use “Mouse data from a new study published Feb. 28 in Nature and sponsored in part by Chroma Medicine suggest that epigenetic gene silencing can suppress the target gene for nearly a year, providing new evidence for the lasting effects of these therapies…
Epigenetic silencing is similar to gene editing in that both methods act directly on a gene. However, unlike gene editing, epigenetic silencing doesn’t fundamentally change the underlying DNA sequence; it works by “decorating” a gene with compounds, often methyl groups, to stop it from functioning. That makes it possible to reverse epigenetic modifications, as well as to avoid the pitfalls of DNA breakage.”

About healthcare finance

 Healthcare real estate companies close $21B merger “Denver-based Healthpeak Properties has closed its $21 billion all-stock merger with Milwaukee-based Physicians Realty Trust. The companies will operate under the name Healthpeak Properties…
The combined company will feature a portfolio of 52 million square feet with footprints in more than 30 markets, including 40 million square feet of outpatient medical settings in high-growth markets such as Houston, Nashville, Tenn., Denver, Phoenix and Dallas with hospital and health system affiliations.”

Today's News and Commentary

7 healthcare trends we're watching now A thoughtful summary. Highly recommended.

About Covid-19

 Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023–2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalization Among Immunocompetent Adults Aged ≥18 Years — VISION and IVY Networks, September 2023–January 2024  The vaccine lowers urgent care visits and hospitalizations by about 50% compared to no vaccination.

About health insurance/insurers

 ObamaCare faces key hearing after Texas ruling “A federal appeals court is set to hear arguments Monday on the Biden administration’s appeal of a case that threatens the Affordable Care Act’s (ACA) promise of free preventive care to more than 150 million people.  
A federal judge in Texas last year ruled that the law’s mandate requiring employers and insurers to cover a host of preventive services, like certain cancer screenings and HIV prevention, was unconstitutional.”

Why Medicare is adding prior authorization requirements as others cut back “Medicare is taking the rare step of adding pre-treatment approval requirements before patients can get care at certain outpatient surgical facilities that have seen a sharp uptick in billings…
The new requirements apply to 40 services related to five procedures,including rhinoplasty, eyelid lifts and varicose vein treatments.”

Primary Care Physicians In Medicare Advantage Were Less Costly, Provided Similar Quality Versus Regional Average “Assessing primary care physician costliness based on the gap between observed and predicted costs for their traditional Medicare patients, we found that the average primary care physician in MA networks was $433 less costly per patient (2.9 percent of baseline) compared with the regional mean, with less costly primary care physicians included in more networks than more costly ones. Favorable selection of patients by MA primary care physicians contributed partially to this result. The quality measures of MA primary care physicians were similar to the regional mean. In contrast, primary care physicians excluded from all MA networks were $1,617 (13.8 percent) costlier than the regional mean, with lower quality. Primary care physicians in narrow networks were $212 (1.4 percent) less costly than those in wide networks, but their quality was slightly lower. These findings highlight the potential role of selective contracting in reducing costs in the MA program.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Hospital Facility Prices Declined As A Result Of Oregon’s Hospital Payment Cap  “In October 2019, the Oregon state employee health insurance plan instituted a cap on hospital payments…
The cap was associated with a significant reduction in outpatient facility prices over the course of the first twenty-seven months of the policy (−$130.50 per procedure). We estimated $107.5 million (or 4 percent of total plan spending) in savings to the state employee plan during the first two years. The hospital payment cap successfully reduced hospital prices for enrollees in that plan.”

About pharma

 1 in 3 independent pharmacies to close this year: Survey “Thirty-two percent of independent pharmacy owners plan to shutter their businesses by the end of 2024, according to a February survey
Local pharmacies are facing a plethora of headwinds, including dwindling reimbursements and struggles with pharmacy benefit managers, the National Community Pharmacists Association said Feb. 27.”

AstraZeneca's challenge to IRA price negotiations is rejectedLess than three weeks after a Texas judge tossed a lawsuit by industry lobbying group PhRMA that challenged the constitutionality of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), a federal court in Delaware has done the same with a similar action brought by AstraZeneca.
The company brought the suit in August of last year after its diabetes, kidney and heart drug Farxiga was named one of 10 products that will face Medicare price negotiations in 2026. Several other companies with drugs on the list have also filed lawsuits.”

Retail pharmacies to begin selling OTC birth control within weeks “Almost eight months after the FDA approved Opill, the first over-the-counter birth control pill, it will soon be available for purchase without a prescription at pharmacies like CVS and Walgreens in weeks…”

Drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy could boost the US economy by a trillion dollars in a few years, Goldman Sachs predicts  “The US economy is set to reap considerable benefits from Americans taking popular medications used for weight loss, including Ozempic and Wegovy, Goldman Sachs analysts wrote in a recent research report…
The Wall Street bank estimates that GLP-1s could add 0.4% to America’s gross domestic product, a broad measure of all the goods and services produced in the economy, ‘in a baseline scenario where 30 million users take the drugs and 70% experience benefits,’ and as much as 1% if 60 million Americans take those drugs regularly.
The US economy overall was about $28 trillion in the fourth quarter, so if Goldman’s bullish case bears out, that means GLP-1 drugs alone could boost output by a trillion dollars over the next four years, more or less.”
Comment: On the other hand, consider how much the drugs could add to health care costs.

About healthcare personnel

 Private Equity–Acquired Physician Practices And Market Penetration Increased Substantially, 2012–21  “PE-acquired physician practice sites increased from 816 across 119 MSAs in 2012 to 5,779 across 307 MSAs in 2021. Single PE firms had significant market share, exceeding 30 percent in 108 MSA specialty markets and exceeding 50 percent in 50 of those markets. The findings raise concerns about competition and call for closer scrutiny by the Federal Trade Commission, state regulators, and policy makers.”

About health technology

 Health tech Q4 earnings recap FYI

In a first, fetal cell organoids generated from amniotic fluid, new study reports “…researchers working in the U.K. have discovered that some [amniotic fluid] cells are still alive, and they can be grown up into three-dimensional organoids — mini lung, kidney, and small intestines — providing a possible new tool to study and even diagnose congenital fetal diseases.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

 Where Did Covid Come From? “In the four years since the SARS-CoV-2 virus was unleashed on the world, data have steadily accumulated supporting the hypothesis that it emerged from a laboratory. The latest information, released last month, makes a formidable case that the virus is the product of laboratory synthesis, not of nature.”
Comment: Excellent review of the evidence.

CDC eases isolation guidance for Covid and other respiratory illnessesThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is “sunsetting” its advice that people sick with Covid-19 isolate themselves for five days. The agency published new guidance Friday for Covid and other respiratory illnesses, suggesting people who are sick should stay at home until they are fever-free for 24 hours and their symptoms have been improving for the same period of time.
The new guidance recommends that in the five days that follow, recovering people should take measures such as masking and keeping a physical distance from others to try to reduce the risk that they will spread their illness.”

About health insurance/insurers

With Medical Debt Burdening Millions, a Financial Regulator Steps In to Help “In the past two years, the CFPB has penalized medical debt collectors, issued stern warnings to health care providers and lenders that target patients, and published reams of reports on how the health care system is undermining the financial security of Americans.
In its most ambitious move to date, the agency is developing rules to bar medical debt from consumer credit reports, a sweeping change that could make it easier for Americans burdened by medical debt to rent a home, buy a car, even get a job. Those rules are expected to be unveiled later this year.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Cleveland Clinic back in the black “Cleveland Clinic posted an operating income of $64.3 million in 2023 after posting a $211.3 million loss in 2022, according to its financial report released Feb. 29. 
The health system had a 0.4% operating margin for the year ended Dec. 31 after posting a -1.6% margin in 2022, according to the report.”

Tenet's hospital selling spree “Dallas-based Tenet Healthcare has started 2024 with a flurry of hospital sales. The for-profit system announced Feb. 1 it completed its $2.4 billion sale of three South Carolina hospitals to Winston-Salem, N.C.-based Novant Health. Also that day, Tenet announced it reached a definitive agreement to sell four Southern California hospitals and associated outpatient locations to Orange, Calif.-based UCI Health for $975 million. That deal is expected to close in the spring.”

About pharma

US judge rules against AstraZeneca in Medicare price talks challenge “AstraZeneca's attempt to stop Medicare from negotiating prices on its diabetes treatment Farxiga (dapagliflozin) was shut down in US federal court on Friday when a judge upheld a law mandating certain drugmakers to take part in price-capping negotiations with Medicare.”

CVS and Walgreens Will Begin Selling Abortion Pills This Month “The two largest pharmacy chains in the United States will start dispensing the abortion pill mifepristone this month, a step that could make access easier for some patients.
Officials at CVS and Walgreens said in interviews on Friday that they had received certification to dispense mifepristone under guidelines that the Food and Drug Administration issued last year. The chains plan to make the medication available in stores in a handful of states at first. They will not be providing the medication by mail.
Both chains said they would gradually expand to all other states where abortion was legal and where pharmacies were legally able to dispense abortion pills — about half of the states.”

AbbVie and OSE Immunotherapeutics Announce Partnership to Develop a Novel Monoclonal Antibody for the Treatment of Chronic Inflammation “AbbVie Inc. and OSE Immunotherapeutics SA, a clinical-stage immunotherapy company, today announced a strategic partnership to develop OSE-230, a monoclonal antibody designed to resolve chronic and severe inflammation, currently in the pre-clinical development stage.
OSE-230 is a first-in-class monoclonal antibody designed to activate ChemR23, a G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR) target. Activation of ChemR23 may offer a novel mechanism for the resolution of chronic inflammation, modulating functions of both macrophages and neutrophils…
Under the terms of the agreement, AbbVie will receive an exclusive global license to develop, manufacture and commercialize OSE-230. OSE Immunotherapeutics will receive a $48 million upfront payment and will be eligible to receive up to an additional $665 million in clinical development, regulatory and commercial milestones. In addition, OSE Immunotherapeutics will be eligible to receive potential tiered royalties on global net sales of OSE-230.”

Sandoz settles for $265M in US generic drug price fixing fallout “Sandoz will pay $265 million to settle certain claims against the company alleging both product-specific and industry-wide conspiracies to fix generic drug prices in the US. The drugmaker said Thursday that the agreement, which contains no admission of wrongdoing, resolves all claims of the direct purchaser class plaintiffs against it and its Fougera Pharmaceuticals unit.”

Pfizer aims for 8 blockbuster cancer drugs by 2030 “‘Pfizer hopes to have at least eight blockbuster cancer drugs on the market by 2030 as it looks to build on the recent $43-billion acquisition of Seagen, which doubled the size of its oncology pipeline.’ Chris Boshoff, Pfizer’s chief oncology officer, noted that its cancer portfolio is expected to be ‘a critical driver of potential long-term sustainable sales and profit growth…through the end of the decade.’
Sales of the company’s current top-selling cancer drug Ibrance, as well as revenue from Astellas-partnered Xtandi, are set to come under pressure as both products start to lose market exclusivity in 2027. To counter this, the purchase of Seagen added a number of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), including Adcetris and Padcev, which are predicted to add a combined $3.1 billion in revenue this year.
Along with ADCs, Pfizer said that it will focus oncology development on small molecules and bispecific antibodies, including other immuno-oncology biologics, across four main cancer types. These comprise: breast cancer; genitourinary cancer, including prostate and urothelial cancers; haematology-oncology, including multiple myeloma and lymphomas; and thoracic cancers, which includes lung, and head and neck cancers.”

Biden-Harris Administration Issues Final Guidance to Help People with Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage Manage Prescription Drug Costs “Continuing the ongoing implementation of President Biden’s prescription drug pricing law, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released the final part one guidance for the new Medicare Prescription Payment Plan
The Medicare Prescription Payment Plan complements the Inflation Reduction Act’s other provisions that lower prescription drug and health care costs. The pieces of the law work together to lower drug costs and make them more manageable for people in Medicare.

  • As of January 1, 2024, people enrolled in Medicare Part D who have very high drug costs will, for the first time, no longer have to pay cost sharing for their prescription drugs in the catastrophic phase of the program.

  • Starting in 2025, all individuals with Medicare Part D will have their out-of-pocket prescription drug costs capped at $2,000.

  • On January 1, 2024, the law also expanded eligibility for full benefits under the Low-Income Subsidy program (LIS or “Extra Help”) under Medicare Part D. Nearly 300,000 people with low and modest incomes currently enrolled in LIS are now benefiting from the program’s expansion including lowering drug costs such as no deductible, no premiums, and fixed, lowered copayments for certain medications. An additional 3 million people could benefit from the Extra Help program now who are not currently enrolled.

  • The law also ensures people with Medicare Part D and people with Part B who receive insulin delivered through a pump pay no more than $35 for a month’s supply of each covered insulin product.

  • It also provides coverage without patient cost sharing of recommended vaccines for people who have Medicare Part D.”

About the public’s health

Alabama lawmakers pass legislation to protect IVF treatment “The Alabama legislature voted Thursday to protect providers and patients doing in vitro fertilization from criminal or civil liability if embryos they create are subsequently damaged or destroyed.
The fast action by both the House and Senate on bills to shield IVF came less than two weeks after the state’s Supreme Court ruled that frozen embryos are people and that individuals could be liable for destroying them.”

Deaths from Excessive Alcohol Use — United States, 2016–2021 “Average annual number of deaths from excessive alcohol use, including partially and fully alcohol-attributable conditions, increased approximately 29% from 137,927 during 2016–2017 to 178,307 during 2020–2021, and age-standardized death rates increased from approximately 38 to 48 per 100,000 population. During this time, deaths from excessive drinking among males increased approximately 27%, from 94,362 per year to 119,606, and among females increased approximately 35%, from 43,565 per year to 58,701.
What are the implications for public health practice? Evidence-based alcohol policies (e.g., reducing the number and concentration of places selling alcohol and increasing alcohol taxes) could help reverse increasing alcohol-attributable death rates.”

More than a billion people worldwide are obese, WHO study finds “More than a billion people globally are now considered obese, a condition linked to an increased risk of numerous serious health problems, according to updated estimates from the World Health Organization and an international group of researchers.
Obesity is so prevalent it has become more common than being underweight in most nations, including many low and-middle income countries that have previously struggled with undernourishment.”

IQVIA Study Highlights the Importance of Adult Vaccination in the US “The investigators found that rates for the flu vaccine in this [Medicaid] group are nearly 8%-10% lower than the general population, with that rate increasing to 30% when compared to individuals with Medicare coverage.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

Cognition and Memory after Covid-19 in a Large Community Sample “Participants with resolved persistent symptoms after Covid-19 had objectively measured cognitive function similar to that in participants with shorter-duration symptoms, although short-duration Covid-19 was still associated with small cognitive deficits after recovery. Longer-term persistence of cognitive deficits and any clinical implications remain uncertain.” 

About health insurance/insurers

Change Healthcare cyberattack outage could persist for weeks, UnitedHealth Group executive suggests “The outage caused by the Change Healthcare cyberattack could last weeks, a top UnitedHealth executive suggested in a Tuesday conference call with hospital cybersecurity officers, according to a recording obtained by STAT.
UnitedHealth Group Chief Operating Officer Dirk McMahon said the company is setting up a loan program to help providers who can’t submit insurance claims while Change is offline. He said that program will last ‘for the next couple of weeks as this continues to go on.’”

MA Advance Notice Does Not Offset Rising Medical Costs and Could Lead to Reduced Healthcare Value for Beneficiaries Look at the two figures for state-by-state projected changes in monthly MA payments.

GAO: Billions wasted on federal health insurance program “The Office of Personnel Management, which oversees health insurance for 8 million federal workers and their families at a cost of more than $60 billion a year, has never checked the eligibility of those on its rolls, according to a report from the Government Accountability Office, which has been pushing OPM for years to improve its oversight. And that failure is costing taxpayers billions and raising premiums for millions of civil servants.”

Drawing the line on patient responsibility collection rates An excellent summary of the status of patient collections. In summary:Hospitals, health systems, and medical practices are collecting only about half of what patients owe them, and those relatively small dollar amounts are adding up to millions of dollars in lost revenue….
$17.4 B- Dollar value of total bad debt write-offs in 2023.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Northwell Health, Nuvance Health unveil 28-hospital merger deal “Danbury, Connecticut-based Nuvance Health is joining Northwell Health, New York’s largest provider and private employer, under a strategic merger agreement unveiled Wednesday.
The deal, which still requires regulatory signoffs, would create a healthcare network of more than 28 hospitals, over 1,000 care sites, nearly 100,000 staff and 14,500 employed providers, the two nonprofits said in their joint announcement.”

Universal Health Services beats on earnings, revenues and projects 'conservative' earnings growth for 2024 “Universal Health Services (UHS) beat estimates for the fourth quarter and is forecasting higher, though still ‘conservative,’ full-year earnings for 2024.
The King of Prussia, Pennsylvania-based for-profit health system reported $216.4 million net income ($3.16 per diluted share) during the fourth quarter, an improvement over last year’s $174.8 million ($2.43 per diluted share) and $0.25 higher than the consensus estimate, according to numbers released after market close on Tuesday.
Net revenues for the quarter rose 7.4% year over year to $3.70 billion, which was also above the consensus estimate of $3.66 billion.”

FEBRUARY 2024 National Hospital Flash Report “Key Takeaways
1. Margins improved in January relative to previous years. While margins declined
slightly from December, they were higher in January relative to the same periods in 2022 and 2021.
2. Net revenue has not risen as fast as gross revenue. This might reflect payers negotiating more aggressively and a shift to value-based payment models.
3. Total expenses on a volume-adjusted basis have improved. Though there’s been continued growth in drugs and supply expenses, labor expenses have improved.” 

Hospital expenses per inpatient day across 50 states FYI. For example:
National average 
Nonprofit hospitals: $3,167
For-profit hospitals: $2,383 
State/local government hospitals: $2,857

About pharma

Bankrupt Endo To Pay $2B To Resolve Opioid Claims “Bankrupt drugmaker Endo International has agreed to pay approximately $2 billion to resolve criminal and civil allegations related to its sales and marketing of a powerful opioid, with a group of secured lenders set to operate the company under a new corporate structure.”

Association of Cannabis Use With Cardiovascular Outcomes Among US Adults “Cannabis use is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, with heavier use (more days per month) associated with higher odds of adverse outcomes.”

Walgreens' VillageMD to close all Illinois clinics “Walgreens' VillageMD plans to close all its primary care clinics in Illinois in April, abandoning an expansion that was underway in its home state.
The six clinics that will close April 19 are all in the Chicago area, according to VillageMD's website. Five are standalone locations and one is attached to a Walgreens store. The one co-located clinic in Elk Grove opened just six months ago
the number of locations that have already closed or plan to close has exceeded 80 clinics.”

About the public’s health

Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses The summary provides further evidence of the deleterious effects of ultra-processed foods. For example: “Overall, direct associations were found between exposure to ultra-processed foods and 32 (71%) health parameters spanning mortality, cancer, and mental, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic health outcomes. Based on the pre-specified evidence classification criteria, convincing evidence (class I) supported direct associations between greater ultra-processed food exposure and higher risks of incident cardiovascular disease related mortality (risk ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.37 to 1.63; GRADE=very low) and type 2 diabetes (dose-response risk ratio 1.12, 1.11 to 1.13; moderate), as well as higher risks of prevalent anxiety outcomes (odds ratio 1.48, 1.37 to 1.59; low) and combined common mental disorder outcomes (odds ratio 1.53, 1.43 to 1.63; low).”

Certain types of ‘forever chemicals’ will no longer be used in US food packaging, FDA says
Certain kinds of greaseproofing “forever” chemicals called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, will no longer be used in food packaging in the US, the US Food and Drug Administration announced Wednesday.
The FDA’s food studies have shown that food packaging materials like fast-food wrappers, microwave popcorn bags and take-out pizza boxes were a major source of dietary exposure to certain types of PFAS, hormone-disrupting chemicals that may persist in the body and the environment.”

CDC braces for shortage after tetanus shot discontinued, issues new guidance “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is urging doctors to conserve shots of a kind of tetanus vaccine, as the agency braces for a potential shortage of those shots this year.
Doctors should switch from using the so-called Td vaccine – the immunization that protects against both tetanus and diphtheria infections – to giving the broader Tdap vaccine instead whenever possible, the CDC now says. In addition to tetanus and diphtheria, the Tdap vaccine also offers protection against pertussis, the infection also known as ‘whooping cough.’
This year's shortage risk stems from a decision by nonprofit vaccinemaker MassBiologics to discontinue production of its Td vaccine, branded as TdVax.”

Flu shots are doing OK vs. virus, US numbers indicate “The vaccines were around 40% effective in preventing adults from getting sick enough from the flu that they had to go to a doctor’s office, clinic or hospital, health officials said during a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention vaccines meeting Wednesday. Children who were vaccinated were roughly 60% less likely to get treatment at a doctor’s office or hospital, CDC officials said.
Officials generally are pleased if a flu vaccine is 40% to 60% effective.”

About healthcare IT

Ransomware group leader told hackers to attack hospitals, FBI, HHS say “The ransomware group linked to the cyberattack on Change Healthcare is also targeting hospitals, the FBI and HHS warned Feb. 27.
The BlackCat hacker gang has been focusing its attacks on the healthcare sector, with most of its 70 victims since December coming from that industry, according to the notice. The group's administrator encouraged affiliates to attack hospitals that month after the FBI infiltrated its operations.”

A Snapshot of Artificial Intelligence in Healtcare Based on research from Premier executives. It is interesting to contrast the priorities between the executive and physicians. The former see the best use of AI is in clinical care, while the latter see AI helping with administrative tasks. (See yesterday’s Blog post.)

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

CDC recommends older adults get 2nd updated coronavirus shot “A CDC recommendation means that those who are eligible for a second shot will have that additional dose covered by insurance. Eligible consumers should be able to get the additional dose within a day or twofrom pharmacies or health-care providers stocking the vaccines. There are no supply shortages, CDC officials said.” 

About health insurance/insurers

U.S. Opens UnitedHealth Antitrust Probe “The Justice Department has launched an antitrust investigation into UnitedHealth, owner of the biggest U.S. health insurer, a leading manager of drug benefits and a sprawling network of doctor groups.
The investigators have in recent weeks been interviewing healthcare-industry representatives in sectors where UnitedHealth competes, including doctor groups, according to people with knowledge of the meetings.
During their interviews, investigators have asked about issues including certain relationships between the company’s UnitedHealthcare insurance unit and its Optum health-services arm, which owns physician groups, among other assets. 
Investigators have asked about the possible effects of the company’s doctor-group acquisitions on rivals and consumers, the people said.”

2023 Consumer Engagement in Health Care Survey An excellent annually-published report. Read the Key Findings sections.

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 World's Best Hospitals 2024 FYI. From Newsweek.

Mayo posts $1.1B operating income, 6% margin “Mayo Clinic saw financial and operational improvements in 2023 that lifted its net operating income to $1.1 billion, according to financial results released Feb. 27. 
The Rochester, Minn.-based system recorded revenue of $17.9 billion against expenses of $16.8 billion in 2023, resulting in net operating income of $1.1 billion and a 6% operating margin.
The latest results mark a comeback for Mayo, which has seen cyclical losses and gains in the past few years. It reported operating income of $595 million for 2022 compared to a $1.2 billion gain in 2021. Mayo cared for more than 1.3 million patients from more than 130 countries in 2023.”

Trinity Health nearly wipes last year's operating losses, grows revenue by over 11% “Livonia, Michigan-based Trinity Health brought its six-month operating losses down from last year’s $270.3 million (-2.6% operating margin) to $38.6 million (-0.3% operating margin) thanks to higher volumes and ‘several revenue and cost management initiatives…’
Though Trinity reports its financials on a year-to-date basis, the faith-based provider noted that the trajectory of its margins improved from a loss in the first fiscal quarter, ended Sept. 30, to a gain in its most recent, ended Dec. 31. Its six-month bottom line has also risen year over year from a $70.5 million loss to a $669.1 million net income.”

About pharma

 PBMs not complying with federal probe: FTC “In June 2022, the Federal Trade Commission launched a probe into the business practices of pharmacy benefit managers and how they affect drug affordability and access. No PBM has fully complied with the probe, FTC Chair Lina Khan said in a recent letter obtained by Axios.”

Spotlight On: Pharma’s fastest-growing drugs in 2023 FYI. Not a surprise, at the top spot is Ozempic.

Five Companies Won’t Delist Orange Book Patents Challenged by FTC, Three Others Will “While three of the companies warned of inappropriate Orange Book patent listings by the FTC are delisting all the challenged patents, according to the U.S. legislators who led the action, five others refused to delist.
The companies who refused to delist certain patents said all of their challenged patents were appropriately filed, and had never been used to stifle generics competition.”

About the public’s health

Emhoff unveiling $1.7B in new commitments to Biden anti-hunger initiative “Second gentleman Doug Emhoff unveiled nearly $1.7 billion in new commitments to the Biden administration’s efforts to end hunger by the end of the decade.
The list includes more than 140 commitments from nonprofits, insurers, health systems, local officials and academia. Sixteen cities across the country have pledged to create task forces and action plans to end hunger and reduce diet-related diseases by 2030.”

About healthcare IT

AI AND THE FUTURE OF HEALTHCARE Worth a read. For example, a couple findings:
—Investors spent $31.5B in healthcare AI-related technology between 2019 and 2022, and these technologies are expected to fuel more investments, and influence valuations and market value for healthcare organizations moving forward. Recent research finds that wider adoption of AI could lead to savings of 5% to 10% in US healthcare spending–roughly $200 billion to $360 billion annually in 2019 dollars.
—Only four in ten overall respondents indicate their organizations are reviewing or planning to review AI regulatory guidance. Despite this, a majority remain confident about regulators’ abilities to develop adequate safeguards.”

The Emerging Landscape of Augmented Intelligence in Health Care A good review for those who need an introduction to the topic. What I found most interesting is the data in Figure 5 (page 13). By far, physicians want AI to help with “administrative burdens.”

FTC’s Khan warns tech industry that agency will strictly enforce AI data privacy “Artificial intelligence tools will be vigorously regulated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), with an eye on consumer privacy, its Chair Lina Khan told an audience of tech executives and startup founders at a conference Tuesday.
‘We’re crafting easily administrable remedies with bright-line rules on the development, use and management of AI inputs,’ Khan said during a speech. “That means making clear that some data, particularly peoples’ sensitive health data, geolocation data and browsing data is simply off limits for model training.”

About healthcare personnel

Only 37% of Medical Practices Receive Value-Based Care Payments, Black Book Survey Reveals “While the shift towards value-based care (VBC) is underway, a recent Black Book survey reveals that only 37% of medical practices are currently receiving payments from upside-risk arrangements and shared savings, while 12% receive payments from full risk.
This leaves a significant portion, over 50%, still relying on traditional Fee-For-Service models.”

About health technology

Epigenetic silencing lasts long-term in mice, bolstering case for therapeutic useMouse data from a new study published Feb. 28 in Nature and sponsored in part by Chroma Medicine suggest that epigenetic gene silencing can suppress the target gene for nearly a year, providing new evidence for the lasting effects of these therapies.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

 The Top COVID-19 Hot Spots in the U.S. FYI. Check the interactive map for your county.

About health insurance/insurers

Congress Sidesteps Site-Neutral Hospital Payment Reform in Upcoming Funding Package “In a move that has reignited the debate over healthcare affordability and equity, Congress has decided not to include a site-neutral hospital pay policy in the next government funding package. This decision has broad implications for how outpatient services are billed across the United States, potentially affecting the cost of healthcare for millions of Americans. At its core, the debate centers on whether hospitals should receive higher payments than standalone physicians’ offices for the same outpatient services, a practice that the site-neutral policy sought to eliminate.”

MA Advance Notice Does Not Offset Rising Medical Costs and Could Lead to Reduced Healthcare Value for BeneficiariesBRG forecasts how the three major impacts to 2025 payment could affect MA buy-down of premiums, cost sharing, and supplemental benefit offerings:
(1) Net risk scores will drop by 2.9% due to changes in normalization factors and the continued phase-in of the new risk model V28
2) Star rating changes will lower payment by 0.5%
(3) Growth factor will increase by 2.4%
One main reason why BRG expects a larger reduction than CMS estimates is that BRG expects medical inflation for MA plans to increase by 4% to 6% in 2025. Medical costs per MA member per month grew by an estimated 7.3% for the first nine months of 2023, based on analysis of NAIC1 statutory filing data for plans that represent 85% of MA lives. The fourth quarter of 2023 had similar growth for MA plans…”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

20 hospitals that won the most NIH money in 2023 — and how much they got FYI. Five of the top ten are in Boston.

About pharma

 FDA Approves Humira Biosimilar Adalimumab-ryvk “The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved adalimumab-ryvk (Simlandi), the first interchangeable, high-concentration, citrate-free biosimilar to adalimumab (Humira), according to a press release published by Alvotech and Teva Pharmaceuticals.1 The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor is approved for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, uveitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa.”
Comment: Humor sales have been strong despite the other available generics. Perhaps this one, being interchangeable, will make a dent in the brand’s sales.

US pharmacy outage triggered by 'Blackcat' ransomware at UnitedHealth unit, sources say “Hackers working for the 'Blackcat' ransomware gang are behind the outage at UnitedHealth's technology unit that has snarled prescription deliveries for six days, two people familiar with the matter told Reuters on Monday.
The problems began last week after hackers gained access to Change Healthcare's information technology systems and has led to disruptions at pharmacies across the United States.”
Comment: Change Healthcare says service should be restored in the next day or so.

Novo Nordisk joins protein degradation race in $1.4B+ deal with Neomorph “Novo Nordisk signed its first protein degradation deal Monday and is looking to take the molecular glue modality – most often used in oncology – into the cardiometabolic and rare disease spaces. The Danish drugmaker partnered with Neomorph in a multi-target deal worth $1.46 billion in biobucks…
Under the deal – the recently launched biotech’s first – Neomorph will lead discovery and preclinical activities against selected targets, and Novo Nordisk will have the right to exclusively pursue further clinical development and commercialisation of the compounds.”

About the public’s health

Biden-Harris Administration Announces New Funding to Increase Capacity for Behavioral Health Services “Today, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), announced $36.9 million in notices of funding opportunities for grant programs supporting behavioral health services across the country. Additionally, HHS, through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), issued guidance that allows states to expand the pool of behavioral health care providers eligible for enhanced federal Medicaid funding, which will better support this critical workforce as well as improve access to care. The guidance also allows states to claim federal dollars for nurse advice lines.”
The announcement also details the spend on each activity.

About healthcare IT

 HHS Delivers Reports to Congress on HIPAA Compliance, Enforcement “The HHS Office for Civil Rights (OCR) delivered two reports to Congress on HIPAA compliance and enforcement efforts logged by the department during the 2022 calendar year. HHS is required to submit these reports to Congress each year under the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of 2009…
OCR received more than 30,000 new complaints alleging HIPAA violations in 2022, and resolved more than 32,000 cases in the 2022 calendar year. OCR also completed 846 compliance reviews and required entities to take corrective actions or pay a monetary penalty in 80 percent of those investigations.
OCR has seen a 17 percent increase in HIPAA complaints received from 2018 to 2022 and a 107 percent increase in large breaches reported in that timeframe.”

Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

ICYMI: Medicare Advantage fraud in DOJ's crosshairs after agency reports $2.7B in settlements “Under the False Claims Act, more than $1.8 billion in settlements and judgments was related to health-related matters in the last fiscal year, about two-thirds of the monetary fraud recoveries by the Department of Justice (DOJ).
Scams took place across the industry, affecting managed care providers, hospitals, pharmacies and long-term acute care facilities. The agency said Feb. 22 that $1.8 billion refers to recoveries ‘arising only from federal losses,’ but it often recovered more for state Medicaid programs.The total fraud figure jumps to more than $2.68 billion once including all other types of reported fraud.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

25 unwound, canceled hospital deals FYI

 Cooper to begin estimated $2B expansion this year “Cooper University Health Care is preparing to begin the first phase of a projected $2 billion expansion this year, according to Fitch Ratings.
In late 2022, Cooper announced a long-term vision to update its Camden, N.J., campus. The vision comprises three independent phases, with an initial public price of about $2 billion. Fitch said the phased approach gives Cooper the flexibility to pause spending and the ability to reevaluate should market conditions or business strategies change.”

Hospitals show decline in Fitch’s early 2023 analysis, but should improve (a little)Overall, Fitch expects the 2023 operating margins to rise into positive territory, albeit barely. The 2023 margins are expected to rise to 0.5% to 0.7%, which remains below pre-pandemic levels.
In 2024, Fitch projects margins should move up to 1.6%.
Hospitals are seeing some relief in their labor costs, which have risen substantially since the COVID-19 pandemic.”

About pharma

Biotech's top money raisers of 2023Nearly $23 billion in venture capital flowed to biopharma across 613 deals in 2023. The dollar total is down 21% from 2022 and 42% from 2021, according to an annual report from HSBC. The trend was worse for biotechs hunting for their first deal.” 

Prices for new US drugs rose 35% in 2023, more than the previous yearPharmaceutical companies last year launched new U.S. drugs at prices 35% higher than in 2022, reflecting in part the industry's embrace of expensive therapies for rare diseases like muscular dystrophy, a Reuters analysis found.
The median annual list price for a new drug was $300,000 in 2023, according to the Reuters analysis of 47 medicines, up from $222,000 a year earlier. In 2021, the median annual price was $180,000, the 30 drugs first marketed through mid-July, according to a study published in JAMA.”

About the public’s health

 U.S. launches probe into possible fraud by organ collection groups “The probe involves U.S. attorneys in various parts of the country who are investigating organ procurement organizations in at least five states. Their team includes investigators from the Department of Health and Human Services and the office of Michael Missal, the inspector general of the Department of Veterans Affairs. They are seeking to determine, among other things, whether any of these groups have been overbilling the government for their costs.”

About healthcare IT

 Unveiling Inferno Testing Support for Payer Data Exchange API Standards “ONC has hit a new milestone in advancing interoperability across the care continuum. A new series of voluntary tests to support standards-based application programming interfaces (APIs) leveraging Health Level Seven® (HL7®) implementation specifications developed via the Da Vinci project and the CARIN Alliance are now available in the ONC-developed Inferno testing tool. The tests are open source, with the source code freely available for use by the public on GitHub.”

About healthcare personnel

 $1 Billion Donation Will Provide Free Tuition at a Bronx Medical School “Dr. Ruth Gottesman, a longtime professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, is making free tuition available to all students going forward.”  

About healthcare finance

 Private equity firm offers $5.8 billion buyout of hospital billing company R1 RCM “R1 RCM, a large publicly traded technology company that helps hospitals and physicians collect money from insurers and patients, may be going private.
Private equity firm New Mountain Capital has offered to purchase R1 for $13.75 per share, or roughly $5.8 billion in cash, according to new financial disclosures filed Monday. New Mountain Capital is R1’s second-largest investor, owning nearly one-third of the company’s shares.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

 Covid death toll in US likely 16% higher than official tally, study says “The Covid death toll in the US is likely at least 16% higher than the official tally, according to a new study, and researchers believe the cause of the undercounting goes beyond overloaded health systems to a lack of awareness of Covid and low levels of testing.
The second year of the pandemic also had nearly as many uncounted excess deaths as the first, the study found.”

Study shows 43% to 58% lower prevalence of long COVID among vaccinated people “A new study based on 4,605 participants in the Michigan COVID-19 Recovery Surveillance Study shows that the prevalence of long COVID symptoms at 30 and 90 days post-infection was 43% to 58% lower among adults who were fully vaccinated before infection.”

About health insurance/insurers

Former CMS administrator: 'I would like to see Medicare Advantage slowed or stopped' The headline is more dramatic than the interview, which is a more nuanced and thoughtful conversation with Donald Berwick, MD, MPP.

False Claim Act settlements, judgements hit record high in 2023There were a record high 543 False Claims Act settlements and judgements in 2023, according to a Feb. 22 Justice Department news release…More than $1.8 billion of those judgements and settlements involved the healthcare industry. 
The $1.8 billion reflects recoveries arising only from federal losses, but the Justice Department was also instrumental in recovering additional funds for state Medicaid programs, according to the report.”
In a related story:Pharmacy owners, doctors, marketers charged in alleged Texas-wide kickback scheme

In-network insurance claims jumped after surprise billing ban took effectFAIR Health used its database of roughly 42 billion commercial insurance claims to examine in-network claims between 2019 and the third quarter of 2023, capturing the period before and after enactment of the No Surprises Act and surprise billing laws in multiple states.

  • During that period, the share of in-network care increased from about 84% of all claims to 90% of claims nationally.

  • There was a particularly steep increase of 2.3% between the fourth quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022, when the federal protections took effect.”

What Do Medicare Beneficiaries Value About Their Coverage? From The Commonwealth Fund:
“Survey Highlights

  • Whether enrolled in Medicare Advantage or traditional Medicare, about two in three beneficiaries overall said their coverage has fully met their expectations. Those who said it fell short of expectations pointed to a lack of coverage for needed services, high costs, or uncertainty about what benefits are covered.

  • Larger shares of beneficiaries in MA plans than in traditional Medicare reported they experienced delays in getting care because of the need to obtain prior approval (22% vs. 13%) and couldn’t afford care because of copayments or deductibles (12% vs. 7%). By other metrics, access to needed health care was similar. For example, more than a third of beneficiaries in each type of Medicare coverage said they had to wait over a month to see a doctor.

  • Three in five beneficiaries in MA plans and one-quarter in traditional Medicare said they were asked to undergo a health assessment, which most frequently resulted in a discussion with their doctor. Few said it resulted in any changes to their care plan or in more services or benefits being offered.

  • Seven in 10 beneficiaries in MA said they used some of their plan’s supplemental benefits in the past year; three in 10 did not use any. Four in 10 reported using their dental or vision benefits or an allowance for over-the-counter medications.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Community Health Systems discloses DOJ investigation “Community Health Systems (CHS) disclosed in a Securities and Exchange Commission filing that it is being investigated by the Department of Justice. 
The company received a Civil Investigative Demand on Jan. 11 ‘for documents and information relating to a variety of subjects, including practices and procedures related to utilization review, inpatient admissions and inpatient dialysis at our hospitals,’ according to its Form 10-K, released Wednesday.”

About pharma

 Pharmacies across America are having trouble processing some prescriptions because of a cyberattack “ Pharmacies across the United States are reporting that they are having difficulty getting prescriptions to patients because of a cyberattack on a unit of UnitedHealth.
The company said in a regulatory filing Thursday its Change Healthcare business, which processes prescriptions to insurance for tens of thousands of pharmacies nationwide, was compromised by hackers who gained access to some of its systems. The company became aware of the cyberattack Wednesday, and, in a separate statement, said it expected the attack to last at least throughout the day Thursday.
The cyberattack prevented some pharmacies from processing prescriptions to insurance companies to receive payment.”

Long-term CAR-T data bolsters autoimmune argument “After stealing the show at December’s American Society of Hematology (ASH) meeting with promising early data of lupus patients treated with CAR-T cell therapy, a team of German scientists has now published updated results in the NEJM that suggest the one-time treatment can lead to sustained remission for patients with several autoimmune diseases.
At 29 months of follow-up, all eight patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had no signs of disease activity.”

About the public’s health

This article gets the poor wording award: Families of Infertile Men Face Higher Cancer Risks

Variability and patterns in children's media use and links with language development “The current study examines how and why young children are using media and its association with language development. It is clear that media use, especially video watching, is pervasive even by 17–30 months. Children at this age reportedly watch an average of nearly 2 hours of video each day, compared to an hour of reading. This is a 100% increase from prior estimates. Moreover, children with high video watching (but not other media) had lower vocabulary.”

Air pollution tied to signs of Alzheimer’s in brain tissue, study finds “For the study, published this week in the journal Neurology, researchers examined the association between concentrations of ambient air pollution and signs of Alzheimer’s disease in the human brain. They found that people who were exposed to higher concentrations of fine particulate matter air pollution, also known as PM2.5, at least a year before their death were more likely to have higher levels of plaques — abnormal clusters of protein fragments built up between nerve cells, which is a sign of Alzheimer’s in brain tissue. The research also found a strong association between the pollution and signs of the disease for people who were not already genetically predisposed to Alzheimer’s.”

 Deadly opioid detected in wastewater for the first time “University of Queensland researchers and international collaborators have found a deadly synthetic drug in wastewater in the United States – the first such detection globally. 
Dr Richard Bade from UQ’s Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences led a team which analysed wastewater samples from eight locations in seven US states: Arizona, Georgia, Illinois, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon and Washington. 
Dr Bade said wastewater from two of the sites, in Illinois and Washington, recorded a type of opioid called protonitazene.
‘Protonitazene is a novel synthetic opioid around three times more potent than fentanyl, and even very small amounts can produce life-threatening toxic effects,’ Dr Bade said.”

Florida surgeon general defies science amid measles outbreakAs a Florida elementary school tries to contain a growing measles outbreak, the state’s top health official is giving advice that runs counter to science and may leave unvaccinated children at risk of contracting one of the most contagious pathogens on Earth, clinicians and public health experts said.
Florida surgeon general Joseph A. Ladapo failed to urge parents to vaccinate their children or keep unvaccinated students home from school as a precaution in a letter to parents at the Fort Lauderdale-area school this week following six confirmed measles cases.
Instead of following what he acknowledged was the “normal” recommendation that parents keep unvaccinated children home for up to 21 days — the incubation period for measles — Ladapo said the state health department “is deferring to parents or guardians to make decisions about school attendance.” 

About healthcare IT

 AHIP, AMA and employer groups team up to accelerate digital health adoption “Fourteen organizations representing providers, payers, consumer technology companies and employers are teaming up to cut through the noise and raise higher standards for finding digital health solutions that work and are worth the investment.
The new Digital Health Collaborative, supported by the Peterson Health Technology Institute, brings together provider groups, purchasers and end users and initial work will focus on pulling together a national purchaser survey, grantmaking and convenings, the organization said.
The Peterson Health Technology Institute formed in July 2023, armed with $50 million in funding, to evaluate digital health technologies and help cut through the hype to identify innovations that actually benefit patients. PHTI focused on providing independent, evidence-based assessments of emerging products, something that is currently lacking in the market.”

About health technology

Study shows a frontline Alzheimer’s blood test could be as accurate as spinal fluid exams “The researchers—some of whom previously worked with the Washington University’s spinout C2N Diagnostics…and developer of the PrecivityAD blood tests for Alzheimer’s—say this new assay is capable of performing on par with PET scans and analyses of cerebrospinal fluid by picking out the tau and amyloid beta proteins in plasma that are associated with the neurodegenerative disease.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

 Long COVID linked to persistently high levels of inflammatory protein: a potential biomarker and target for treatments  “SARS-CoV-2 triggers the production of the antiviral protein IFN-γ, which is associated with fatigue, muscle ache and depression. New research shows that in Long COVID patients, IFN-y production persists until symptoms improve, highlighting a potential biomarker and a target for therapies.” 

About health insurance/insurers

 Medicare Advantage’s 33 million club “Roughly 33.4 million people were enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan at the start of 2024, according to new federal data that we analyzed last week. It’s an increase of 7.1% from the same time last year, although it appears the true annual growth rate is closer to 6% after factoring in some errors within Medicare’s 2023 data…”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 States ranked by hospital beds per 1,000 population FYI. Not a surprise that more rural states need more hospitals to provide adequate access.

About pharma

 Walgreens' VillageMD to close all Florida primary care clinics “Clinics in the Tampa and Orlando areas will close March 15 as the company exits the Florida market, a company spokesperson confirmed Feb. 21. VillageMD's website lists about 40 clinic locations in Florida, all co-located with Walgreens stores….
 The closures are part of a $1 billion cost-cutting initiative Walgreens implemented late last year that involves closing 60 VillageMD-operated clinics in five markets. As of the company's January earnings call, it had closed nearly half of those, CEO Tim Wentworth told analysts. It shuttered 10 clinics in Jacksonville, Fla., and all 12 of its clinics in Indiana last month.”

FDA approves a drug to treat severe food allergies, including milk, eggs and nuts “Xolair was greenlit by the Food and Drug Administration on Friday to help reduce severe allergic reactions brought on by accidental exposure to certain foods. It is considered the first medication approved by the FDA that can help protect people against multiple food allergies.
The medication is not intended for use during an allergic reaction. Instead, it is designed to be taken repeatedly every few weeks to help reduce the risk of reactions over time. The FDA said people taking the drug should continue to avoid foods they are allergic to…
The cost of the medication ranges from $2,900 a month for children and $5,000 a month for adults, though the cost could be brought down with insurance…”

About the public’s health

Boosting Health for Children: Transition to Electric Vehicles and Clean Power Would Prevent 2.7 Million Asthma Attacks in U.S. Kids From the American Lung Association:
“The new report is based on projected health impacts if all new passenger vehicles sold are zero-emission by 2035 and all new trucks sold are zero-emission by 2040. It also projects that the nation’s electric grid will be powered by clean, non-combustion renewable energy by 2035. According to the report, the transition to zero-emission transportation powered by clean non-combustion energy from 2020 to 2050 would prevent up to:

  • 2.79 million pediatric asthma attacks

  • 147,000 pediatric acute bronchitis cases 

  • 2.67 million pediatric upper respiratory symptoms

  • 1.87 million pediatric lower respiratory symptoms 

  • 508 infant mortality cases”

Historical Redlining, Persistent Mortgage Discrimination, and Race in Breast Cancer Outcomes “In a cohort study of 1764 women with breast cancer, living in a historically redlined area was associated with increased odds of a diagnosis of estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer in non-Hispanic Black women and increased odds of late-stage diagnosis in non-Hispanic White women. Persistent mortgage discrimination was associated with an increase in breast cancer mortality in non-Hispanic White women, and non-Hispanic Black women were more likely to die of breast cancer no matter where they lived.”

About healthcare personnel

Almost All U.S. Physicians Surveyed Feel Burned Out on a Regular Basis, with Many Having Considered Career Change, according to Recent athenahealth Physician Sentiment Survey “Excessive administrative workloads, reduced staffing, concerns over financial viability, and rising patient expectations around communications are all contributing to major challenges for America’s healthcare industry, athenahealth’s third Physician Sentiment Survey (PSS), conducted by The Harris Poll, has revealed. The survey polled 1,003 primary care and specialist physicians nationwide, with just five percent of respondents identifying as athenahealth customers.
Most physicians (93%) surveyed for the PSS said that they feel burned out on a regular basis, with doctors reporting that they spend an average of 15 hours per week working in ‘pajama time,’ outside their normal work hours. When asked about their current employment situation, a majority (56%) said they have considered leaving the field or remaining in the field but no longer seeing patients.”
 

About health technology

Do Not Use Smartwatches or Smart Rings to Measure Blood Glucose Levels: FDA Safety Communication “The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers, patients, caregivers, and health care providers of risks related to using smartwatches or smart rings that claim to measure blood glucose levels (blood sugar) without piercing the skin. These devices are different than smartwatch applications that display data from FDA-authorized blood glucose measuring devices that pierce the skin, like continuous glucose monitoring devices (CGMs). The FDA has not authorized, cleared, or approved any smartwatch or smart ring that is intended to measure or estimate blood glucose values on its own.”

About healthcare finance

 AbbVie eyes selling at least $13 billion of bonds to fund M&A “Pharmaceutical giant AbbVie Inc. is looking to sell at least $13 billion of corporate bonds to help fund its acquisitions of ImmunoGen Inc. and Cerevel Therapeutics Holdings Inc., according to people with knowledge of the matter.
The sale is expected to be announced as soon as Thursday, following fixed-income investor calls on Wednesday, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the discussions are private. The size of the offering is subject to change, and will be determined on the day of the sale. A spokesperson for AbbVie didn’t immediately respond to requests for comment.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

 Tax records reveal the lucrative world of covid misinformation “Four major nonprofits that rose to prominence during the coronavirus pandemic by capitalizing on the spread of medical misinformation collectively gained more than $118 million between 2020 and 2022, enabling the organizations to deepen their influence in statehouses, courtrooms and communities across the country, a Washington Post analysis of tax records shows.”

About health insurance/insurers

 Who is winning surprise billing disputes? Providers, facilities and air ambulance companies prevailed in 77% of No Surprises Act payment determinations in the first half of 2023. 
Certified independent dispute resolution entities made payment determinations in 83,868 disputes during the first six months of 2023, according to a Feb. 15 report from CMS. 
Health plans and issuers were the prevailing party in 23% of payment determinations over that span, according to the report. 
The prevailing offer was higher than the qualifying payment amount in 82% of cases. Both parties submitted an offer and paid fees in 79% of cases, while only one party submitted an offer and paid fees in 21% of disputes.   |
A smaller percentage of disputes were determined to be ineligible in the first half of 2023 (22%) compared to 2022 (46%), the report said. CMS attributed this to process improvement and disputing parties' greater familiarity with eligibility requirements.”

KFF Health Tracking Poll February 2024: Voters on Two Key Health Care Issues: Affordability and ACA Worth reading the entire article, but below are some excerpts:
“Inflation and health care affordability continue to be the top issues voters want the 2024 presidential candidates to talk about on the campaign trail, and while national news has recently emphasized an improving national economy alongside expanded consumer spending, most voters (67%) rate the national economy as ‘not so good’ or ‘poor.’…
—Unexpected medical bills and health care costs top the list of expenses that adults, regardless of partisanship, say they worry about affording, with three in four adults saying they are ‘very’ or ‘somewhat worried’ about being able to afford unexpected medical bills (74%) or the cost of health care services (73%) for themselves and their family. Just over half (55%) report worrying about being able to afford prescription drug costs, and about half of insured adults (48%) say they are worried about being able to afford their monthly health insurance premium…
—Voters are divided along party lines over which candidate they think has the better approach to the future of the Affordable Care Act, with partisans overwhelmingly choosing their party’s candidate. Nine in ten Democratic voters (90%) say Biden has the better approach and nine in ten Republican voters (91%) say Trump does. Although the vast majority of Republicans say Trump has a better approach to the ACA, few (30%) Republican voters think Trump has a health care plan to replace it…”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Rule cuts Medicaid DSH pay for some safety-net hospitals “…some safety-net hospitals will receive lower Medicaid disproportionate share hospital [DSH] payments under a final rule…” The rule '“sets new restrictions on how Medicaid DSH payments are calculated and distributed, carrying out a congressional directive from the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021. ”Previously, “hospitals determined their Medicaid shortfalls – the gaps between reimbursements and costs – by estimating annual treatment costs for patients with Medicaid alone and those with other additional forms of coverage, such as Medicare or private health insurance.” Under the new rule, “hospitals will only be able to account for patients with Medicaid as their primary payer.” 

About the public’s health

Outcomes of Breast Cancer Screening Strategies Based on Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network Estimates [CISNET] “Estimates from CISNET 2023 showed that annual screening ages 40–79 years improved breast cancer mortality reduction compared with biennial screening ages 50–74 years and biennial screening ages 40–74 years (41.7%, 25.4%, and 30%, respectively). Annual screening ages 40–79 years averted the most breast cancer deaths (11.5 per 1000) and gained the most life-years (230 per 1000) compared with other screening scenarios (range, 6.7–11.5 per 1000 and 121–230 per 1000, respectively). False-positive screening results per examination were less than 10% for all screening scenarios (range, 6.5%–9.6%) and lowest for annual screening ages 40–79 years (6.5%). Benign biopsies per examination were less than 1.33% for all screening scenarios (range, 0.88%–1.32%) and lowest for annual screening ages 40–79 years (0.88%).
Conclusion CISNET 2023 modeling estimates indicate that annual breast cancer screening starting at 40 years of age provides the greatest benefit to women and the least risk per examination.”

Ambitious survey of human diversity yields millions of undiscovered genetic variants “Analyses of up to 245,000 genomes gathered by the All of Us programme, run by the US National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, have uncovered more than 275 million new genetic markers, nearly 150 of which might contribute to type 2 diabetes. The work has also identified gaps in genetics research on non-white populations. The findings were published on 19 February in a package of papers in Nature1,2, Communications Biology3 and Nature Medicine4.”

CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS IN 2024 A really good monograph on cardiovascular epidemiology.

About healthcare IT

 Teladoc forecasts slower growth in saturated telehealth market, focuses on boosting bottom line “Teladoc offered a weaker-than-expected forecast for 2024, projecting slower revenue growth as the telehealth market has become crowded with digital health players.
The virtual care giant pulled in $661 million in revenue in the fourth quarter of 2024, up 4% from $638 million in the same period a year ago. Access fees revenue grew 4% to $574 million, and other revenue grew 3% to $87 million. U.S. revenue grew 2% to $565 million, and international revenue grew 15% to $96 million.”

Lawmakers introduce patient-matching bill for EHRs “U.S. lawmakers introduced bipartisan legislation Feb. 16 to better match patients with their EHRs…
The legislation aims to improve the standardization of patients' demographics inputted into certified health IT products and form an anonymous, voluntary system to analyze patient match rates. The College of Healthcare Information Management Executives, HIMSS, and the American Health Information Management Association all expressed their support for the bill.”
Comment: The easiest way to accomplish this goal is assigning unique patient identifiers they can use across systems. However, our fear of security has prevented doing so. Recall all entities in the healthcare system have unique identifiers—except patients.

About health technology

 Elon Musk says Neuralink patient can control computer mouse with mind “‘"[The] patient seems to have made a full recovery with no ill effects that we are aware of and is able to control the mouse, move the mouse around the screen just by thinking,’ Mr. Musk said during a live audio Spaces session on social media platform X.”

About healthcare finance

 Amazon to replace Walgreens in Dow Jones Industrial Average “The index change, which was announced after the market close on Tuesday, was prompted by Walmart Inc.’s decision to split its stock 3-to-1, the index provider said in the release. The latter move will reduce Walmart’s index weight due to the price weighted construction of the Dow. Walmart will remain in the index. The change will go into effect prior to the open of trading on Monday, Feb. 26.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

Covid Vaccines Linked To Small Increase In Heart And Brain Disorders, Study Finds—But Risk From Infection Is Far Higher “Covid vaccines from companies like Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca were linked to rare occurrences of heart, brain and blood disorders, a recent peer-reviewed study found, though experts say the risks of developing Covid-19 greatly outweigh the risks of getting vaccinated.”

About health insurance/insurers

 Point32Health Signs Definitive Agreement With Baystate Health to Acquire Health New England “The acquisition is expected to improve product offerings and expand access to a broader network with wider geographic reach.  Among both organizations’ shared priorities is expanding high-quality programs and services, particularly those that cover underserved populations and seniors, as well as maximizing the benefits that not-for-profit health plans provide to communities.”

No Surprises Act dispute volume 13 times higher than estimated “There were 288,810 No Surprises Act disputes initiated during the first six months of 2023, which was 13 times greater than federal agencies initially anticipated, according to a Feb. 15 report from CMS.”

New CMS rules will throttle access researchers need to Medicare, Medicaid data Another explanation of why these new data charges will hurt research.

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 From STAT, an update on some health systems’ performances:
Allina Health
: The $5 billion system is struggling a lot more than most, posting a -6.8% operating margin in 2023. Allina laid off employees and outsourced its billing operations to Optum.

Ballad Health: The last quarter of 2023 was good for Ballad, but the system said it has been having problems with Medicare Advantage plans using proprietary criteria to push patients to lower-paying codes or outpatient observation status, “even if the admission was prior-authorized by the payer.”

Baylor Scott & White Health: Everything’s bigger in Texas, including the hospital profits.

CommonSpirit Health: Patient volumes are up so much across the country that even CommonSpirit is in the black. The hospital giant also disclosed it received $234 million last year from the extra 340B drug payments.

Johns Hopkins Health System: A 12% net margin was fueled by massive investment gains. If patient care doesn’t work out, Johns Hopkins has a future as a hedge fund.

Mass General Brigham: Holy investment income, Batman. It also banked an extra $98 million from 340B drug underpayments.

RWJBarnabas Health: Nurses went on strike for roughly four months at one of the New Jersey system’s main hospitals, and it cost RWJBarnabas $184 million, pushing it into the red. However, if the hospital would have paid its own nurses and avoided a strike, instead of having to hire expensive temporary nurses, it would have turned a profit.

Sanford Health: It turns out that not all rural hospitals are dying! Sanford is one of the largest rural health systems in the country, and yet it was profitable across the board in 2023, surpassing several years of pre-pandemic operations.”

About pharma

 Obamacare plans don’t have to cover weight loss drugs. The government is considering changing that “Drugmakers are doing everything to tap the bottomless well of demand for new obesity drugs, and they might get some government help. The agency that regulates Obamacare insurance is considering a technical change that would require insurers to cover obesity drugs in a market of more than 20 million Americans.  There is a lot of demand for the drugs, but there are barriers to coverage. Medicare by law is prohibited from paying for obesity drugs. State Medicaid programs don’t have to cover them, so most don’t.”

About health technology

Alabama Supreme Court rules frozen embryos are children, imperiling IVF “The Alabama Supreme Court ruled Friday that frozen embryos are people and someone can be held liable for destroying them, a decision that reproductive rights advocates say could imperil in vitro fertilization(IVF) and affect the hundreds of thousands of patients who depend on treatments like it each year.”

Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

 Cigna to buy back $3.2B in stock “The Cigna Group is buying back $3.2 billion in common stock through accelerated repurchase agreements with Deutsche Bank and Bank of America, the company announced Feb. 15. 
Cigna is expecting an initial delivery of 7.6 million shares, with a final settlement expected in the second quarter of 2024.”

The burden of medical debt in the United States “This analysis shows that 20 million people (nearly 1 in 12 adults) owe medical debt. The SIPP [2021 Survey of Income and Program Participation] survey suggests people in the United States owe at least $220 billion in medical debt. Approximately 14 million people (6% of adults) in the U.S. owe over $1,000 in medical debt and about 3 million people (1% of adults) owe medical debt of more than $10,000. While medical debt occurs across demographic groups, people with disabilities or in worse health, lower-income people, and uninsured people are more likely to have medical debt.”

Postacute Care for Medicare Advantage Enrollees Who Switched to Traditional Medicare Compared With Those Who Remained in Medicare Advantage “Findings  This cohort study using Medicare data including 4613 hospitalizations of retired Ohio state employees found that after a mandatory MA plan was discontinued, enrollees who switched to traditional Medicare received more intensive postacute care. No changes in 30-day hospital readmissions or mortality were observed.
Meaning  This finding suggests that MA plans provided less intensive postacute care than traditional Medicare, with no significant difference in measured short-term outcomes; measures of postacute functional status over a longer follow-up period are needed.”

Medicare Advantage enrollment races past 33 million “Roughly 33.4 million adults older than 65 and people with disabilities were enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan as the calendar flipped to 2024 — another year of steady, albeit slower, growth for the taxpayer-funded program.
Enrollment increased 7.1% year over year, which would make this year’s annual growth rate identical to last year’s, according to new federal Medicare Advantage enrollment data analyzed by STAT.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 $1.48B Kaiser Sacramento hospital could break ground in 2024 “Oakland, Calif.-based Kaiser Permanente might be breaking ground on a hospital in the Sacramento rail yards this year, the Sacramento Business Journal reported Feb. 15.
The project, which will replace the current 287-bed Arden-Arcade, Calif.-based Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical Center, is expected to cost $1.48 billion, according to a free estimate request the city received in December, the publication reported.” 

CommonSpirit Health's finances trend upward thanks to higher volumes, efficiency pushCommonSpirit Health reported Thursday a $356 million operating gain (3.5% operating margin) for the three months ended Dec. 31—its first quarter on the right side of zero since tthe summer of 2022—thanks to substantially higher volumes, shorter stays and other efficiency programs launched by the Catholic giant.”
Comment: The above two articles highlight the turnaround in hospital finances.

Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

 Payers ranked by Medicare Advantage membership | Q4 2023 FYI

About hospitals and healthcare systems

Unrelenting Pressure Pushes Rural Safety Net Crisis into Uncharted Territory “MAJOR FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY ARE:
—The percentage of America’s rural hospitals operating in the red jumped from 43% to 50% in the last 12 months.
— 55% of independent rural hospitals are operating in the red, while 42% of health system-affiliated rural hospitals are operating at a loss. Nearly 60% of rural hospitals are now affiliated with a health system.
—Medicare Advantage now accounts for 35% of all Medicare-eligible patients in rural communities. In 7 states, Medicare Advantage penetration exceeds 50%.
—Access to inpatient care continues to deteriorate as 167 rural hospitals since 2010 have either closed or converted to a model that excludes inpatient care.
— 418 rural hospitals are “vulnerable to closure” according to a new, expanded statistical analysis.
—Between 2011 and 2021, 267 rural hospitals dropped OB services. This represents nearly 25% of America’s rural OB units.
—Between 2014 and 2022, 382 rural hospitals have stopped providing chemotherapy services.”

 Mark Cuban drug company unveils new offering for hospitals  “Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Co. now offers critical drugs in shortage to healthcare providers. 
Healthcare companies can register for the drug company's new ‘marketplace,’ which stocks key medications in short supply, according to a Feb. 14 post on X. The portfolio includes amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, cefdinir, etoposide, capecitabine, irbesartan and budesonide inhalation. 
Mr. Cuban has previously indicated a focus on injectables that often fall into shortage. The company is still building its $11 million drug manufacturing plant in Dallas, which is expected to also ease shortages.”

About pharma

 Pfizer quells 12 years of Lipitor antitrust litigation with $93M settlement “With a $93 million settlement, Pfizer can wash its hands of more than a decade's worth of antitrust litigation over the once-lucrative cholesterol med Lipitor.
For years, Pfizer and Sun Pharma’s Ranbaxy Laboratories have been engaged in litigation from drug purchasers accusing the companies of conspiring to delay Lipitor generics through an unlawful ‘reverse payment’ agreement.
The plaintiffs first filed suit in 2011 and have since gone through ‘extensive mediation’ with the companies, the purchasers’ attorneys noted in the 64-page settlement proposal.”

Biden administration examining role of supply chain middlemen in generic drug shortages “KEY POINTS

  • The Federal Trade Commission said it is examining the role drug wholesalers and companies that purchase medicines for U.S. health-care providers play in shortages of generic drugs.

  • The move follows an unprecedented shortfall of crucial medicine over the last year, which has forced hospitals to ration drugs ranging from injectable cancer therapies to pain treatments.

  • In a joint request for information, the FTC and the Department of Health and Human Services are seeking public comment on the contracting practices, market concentration, and compensation of two types of middlemen: group purchasing organizations and drug wholesalers.”

Effectiveness and safety of telehealth medication abortion in the USA “Overall, 99.8% (99.6–99.9%) of abortions were not followed by serious adverse events. In total, 0.25% of patients experienced a serious abortion-related adverse event, 0.16% were treated for an ectopic pregnancy and 1.3% abortions were followed by emergency department visits. There were no differences in effectiveness or safety between synchronous and asynchronous models of care. Telehealth medication abortion is effective, safe and comparable to published rates of in-person medication abortion care.” [Emphasis added]

About healthcare personnel

 Healthcare layoffs in 14 numbers For example:
”Healthcare/products companies and manufacturers, including hospitals, announced 4,182 job cuts in January, according to the most recent report from Challenger, Gray & Christmas. That's a 421% increase from the previous month.
But overall, 2024 appears to be off to a better start than 2023: the healthcare industry announced 2,551 fewer job cuts in January 2024 than in January 2023.”

About healthcare finance

KKR to acquire a stake in health tech firm Cotiviti Private equity firm KKR & Co has agreed to acquire a stake in Cotiviti from investment manager Veritas Capital, the healthcare technology firm said on Wednesday.
KKR and Veritas will have equal ownership stakes in Cotiviti following the deal's closure, expected in the second quarter of 2024. Reuters reported earlier on Wednesday that KKR was a leading contender to buy a 50% stake in Cotiviti and a deal would value the company between $10 billion and $11 billion.”

Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

Cigna partners with meal-kit company HelloFresh to provide employer discountsBloomfield-based Cigna Healthcare has partnered with a German meal-kit company, HelloFresh, to offer discounted access to healthy pre-portioned meals for Cigna customers.
Employers that are Cigna customers can select a variety of HelloFresh offerings, which they can make available to their employees. The options include e-gift cards, discounted meal-kit subscription and one-time box deliveries to employees’ homes.”

SCAN, CareOregon call off merger FYI

Medicaid Enrollment and Unwinding Tracker Monthly update from KFF: “At least 16,938,000 Medicaid enrollees have been disenrolled as of February 13, 2024, based on the most current data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Overall, 32% of people with a completed renewal were disenrolled in reporting states while 68%, or 34.3 million enrollees, had their coverage renewed (one reporting state does not include data on renewed enrollees). Due to varying lags for when states report data, the data reported here undercount the actual number of disenrollments to date.”

About pharma

 Biogen, grappling with declining sales, slapped with DOJ subpoena over foreign operations “Biogen has received a subpoena from the DOJ seeking information about its “business operations in several foreign countries,” the company disclosed in an annual filing. In addition, the company is providing information about its foreign businesses to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Biogen said.
It’s not clear which countries the DOJ and the SEC have set their sights on. Biogen is present in about 40 countries, including in Europe, China and Japan. A company spokesperson said Biogen doesn’t comment on government investigations.”

A year in, the U.S. is still not taking advantage of lower-cost biosimilars for HumiraIt’s been one year since the launch of the first adalimumab biosimilar for Humira in the United States, which was followed by eight additional adalimumab biosimilar launches. These nine FDA-approved products offer lower-cost alternatives to the world’s bestselling drug, Humira, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and other autoimmune disorders. This made 2023 a watershed year for millions of U.S. patients paying too much for their necessary medications.
But so far, that vision hasn’t come to fruition, because policymakers haven’t taken the action necessary to be sure these lower-cost products are accessible for patients. If they fail to act, the U.S. health care system could lose up to $133 billion in savings and leave patients without access to the medicines they need.”

About the public’s health

 Smoking impairs immune response, even after quitting, new study says “The study, published Wednesday in Nature, underscores the importance of never lighting up that first cigarette, based on its conclusion that smoking has much longer harmful effects on immune responses than previously understood.
People who quit smoking soon regained normal function of their immune system’s power to mount fast and general innate responses to bacteria or viruses. But researchers also found that slower, more targeted adaptive T cell defenses remembered from past pathogens did not come back so soon after that last cigarette.”

About healthcare IT

 Email extortion data breach affects 2.4 million patients; FBI seeks victims “Nearly 2.4 million patients of Oklahoma City-based Integris Health were caught up in a data breach where the alleged hackers ssent extortion emails directly to some of them.The health system reported Feb. 6 that it determined an "unauthorized party" had accessed or stolen patient data Nov. 28. Integris also said it learned Dec. 24 that a group claiming responsibility for the hack was reaching out to patients.”

EY Health Pulse Survey: Digital Health Solutions Boost Efficiencies and Automation, but ROI has Yet to ComeAs COVID-19 hits its four-year anniversary, health care has seen the potential to transform through digital health solutions, including the potential to reduce nursing shortages, expedite patient care, minimize in-person costs and create more productive collaboration with insurance companies.
While a majority of executives in the health care sector (71%) say the implementation of new technologies has not decreased overall hospital expenses, nearly all executives within the sector (96%) believe that the initial financial investment of new technology is worth the cost.”

About healthcare personnel

 Patient Clinical Needs, Provider Skill Set Misalign 57% of the Time “For nearly three in five patients, the clinician they meet with is a bad fit for their current medical needs, according to new Zocdoc data, presenting a patient access issue across the industry that the online booking and provider search company is looking to fix…
 Providers are feeling it, too, with 24 percent saying in a separate provider survey that they often see new patients who are not the right match for their medical expertise.”
Comment: “It is our duty to remember at all times and anew that medicine is not only a science, but also the art of letting our own individuality interact with the individuality of the patient.”- Albert Schweitzer

Today's News and Commentary

Researchers incensed over CMS data access change [Scroll down about a quarter down the page] CMS is starting to charge hefty amounts for access to CMS data. This move can have a profound chilling effect on research initiatives.

About Covid-19

 CDC plans to drop five-day covid isolation guidelines “The CDC plans to recommend that people who test positive for the coronavirus use clinical symptoms to determine when to end isolation. Under the new approach, people would no longer need to stay home if they have been fever-free for at least 24 hours without the aid of medication and their symptoms are mild and improving, according to three agency officials who spoke on the condition of anonymity to share internal discussions.” 

About health insurance/insurers

 FTC wins $195M judgment against Simple Health over its 'sham' insurance “The health plans did not actually give customers the coverage or benefits they were promised, the FTC said in an announcement, and ‘effectively left consumers uninsured.’ This left them on the hook for medical expenses, the agency said.
The FTC initially filed a complaint against Simple Health in 2018, charging that the insurer was misleading potential enrollees with its marketing, which promoted comprehensive health coverage including prescriptions, primary care, specialty care, inpatient services, emergency care, surgery, lab testing and treatment for preexisting conditions.
Members instead enrolled in "what was actually a medical discount program or extremely limited benefit program," the FTC said, paying as much as $500 per month for insurance that left them with thousands of dollars worth of medical bills or that made it impossible to secure needed care.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 HCA profits dip 7%, Tenet's up 30% FYI

About pharma

 Federal Judge Tosses PhRMA’s Suit on Medicare Drug Price Plan “The Biden administration secured a major win Monday in its fight to uphold Medicare’s drug price negotiation program by persuading a federal judge to toss a lawsuit from the top group representing the brand-name prescription drug industry.
The US District Court for the Western District of Texas ruled it lacks jurisdiction over the National Infusion Center Association’s legal challenge to the negotiation program.
Given that the association was the only party residing in the district, the rest of the lawsuit—which includes the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, and the National Infusion Center Association and Global Colon Cancer Association—was likewise dismissed, Judge David Alan Ezra wrote in his ruling.”

About the public’s health

Atrocious Air “The results show that there are approximately 14.3 million properties (~10% of all properties) in the US that are estimated to have a week or more (7+ days) of unhealthy air quality days solely from PM2.5 in the current climate conditions. Of those, almost 5.7 million properties (~4%) may experience two or more weeks (14+ days) annually of smoke driven unhealthy air quality days. Some of the most at risk areas include large population centers such as Seattle, San Francisco, and Sacramento. It is important to understand the nature of this hazard, its link to climate, and the growing impact it will have on areas across the US into the future, including the growing negative effects on human health, labor force productivity, and even migration patterns.”

About healthcare IT

 CMS clarifies rules for HIPAA compliance when texting patient data “Texting of patient orders among members by healthcare teams is now permissible at hospitals and critical access hospitals when done through a HIPAA-compliant secure platform in compliance with CMS Conditions of Participation rules, the agency says.” 

'Best in KLAS' software and services vendors for healthcare FYI
Note: No single company dominates each category or all categories.

About healthcare personnel

 Medical Specialties Losing the Most Providers  Primary care specialties top the list of physicians.

About healthcare finance

 Fewer private equity dollars flowing to Medicare Advantage “Facing rising interest rates and regulatory scrutiny, private equity investments in the Medicare Advantage space are slowing down, according to the Private Equity Stakeholder Project. 
The watchdog group published a report Feb. 13 breaking down private equity investments in Medicare Advantage companies. Investments in the space reached a peak in 2021 before slowing down in 2022 and 2023, according to the report. The increase was possibly spurred by ‘industry-friendly’ rollbacks on marketing regulations.”

Today's News and Commentary

About Covid-19

Contralateral second dose improves antibody responses to a two-dose mRNA vaccination regimenIn previously unexposed adults receiving an initial vaccine series with the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, contralateral boosting substantially increases antibody magnitude and breadth at times beyond 3 weeks after vaccination. This effect should be considered during arm selection in the context of multi-dose vaccine regimens.” 

About health insurance/insurers

 Big payers ranked by 2023 profit FYI
and in a related article: Payers ranked by medical loss ratios in 2023

Vermont ACO model ties payer, provider payment to care quality An interesting summary of Vermont’s single payer experiment.

U.S. investigates alleged Medicare fraud scheme estimated at $2 billionThe alleged scheme was uncovered by the National Association of ACOs — known as NAACOS — a health-care nonprofit that represents hundreds of medical groups and hospitals across the nation. The nonprofit’s members concluded that seven companies allegedly operating out of Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, New York and Texas were behind a surge of bills submitted to Medicare across the last two years for intermittent urinary catheters… While the companies used real patients’ information to submit the bills, NAACOS and its members found no evidence that any of their patients wanted the catheters or even received them.
All seven companies had become accredited with Medicare, allowing them to bill the health insurance program, although in some cases the accreditation was linked to a person who said they no longer worked at the company and had sold it last year.”
Comment: What is also incredible about this story is that over two years the companies committing the fraud went from billing just 14 patients for catheters to nearly 406,000. Who is supposed to monitor such use?

About hospitals and healthcare systems

Accrediting Organization Proposed Rule Fact SheetIn recent years, CMS has identified several concerns related to AO performance: 

  • Providers and suppliers that have been terminated from the Medicare/Medicaid program but retain accreditation despite significant quality and safety concerns;

  • AOs provide fee-based consulting services to the providers and suppliers they accredit, potentially affecting the integrity of the onsite survey process and decreasing public trust by creating conflicts of interest;

  • Inconsistent survey results due to differing AO standards or practices (such as AOs notifying facilities of the date of their onsite surveys in advance contrary to CMS policies).”

In order to address these concerns, CMS issued proposed rules detailed in the document.

 Kaiser posts $4.1B net income in 2023 “Oakland, Calif.-based Kaiser Permanente reported $329 million in operating income (0.3% margin) in 2023, a significant improvement on the $1.3 billion operating loss (-1.3% margin) it reported in 2022. 
Operating revenue for Kaiser's health plan, hospitals and their respective subsidiaries hit $100.8 billion in 2023, up from $95.4 billion the previous year. Expenses were $100.5 billion, up from $96.7 billion.  
After factoring in nonoperating items, which primarily consists of investment returns, Kaiser's net income for 2023 was $4.1 billion, compared to a $4.5 billion net loss in the prior year.”
 

About pharma

Novo bets big on Catalent deal, Lilly hits $700 billion benchmark, our Leqembi survey says?...and more Last week’s big pharma stories. Some news media are calling for Lilly to replace Tesla in The Magnificent Seven list since its market cap is now greater than the auto manufacturer.

Gilead inks $4.3-billion deal to buy CymaBay “Gilead Sciences agreed to pay $32.50 per share in cash, or around $4.3 billion, to acquire CymaBay Therapeutics, gaining the latter’s primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) drug candidate seladelpar. The oral PPARδ agonist is currently under review by the FDA with a decision expected by August 14.”

The Oncology Market: 2023 Year in Review A good review of coming (and intending) trends. Worth sat least skimming the headings.

Moderna's stock slumps after RSV shot efficacy wanes faster than GSK's ArexvyThe efficacy of Moderna’s investigational respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine appears to wane faster than GSK’s approved shot Arexvy, a revelation that sent the Big Biotech’s stock slipping.
Phase 3 data shared Thursday showed overall efficacy of 63.3% after 8.6 months in preventing RSV-associated respiratory tract disease with two or more symptoms, dropping from 84% at 3.3 months.”

About the public’s health

 US respiratory virus activity remains high, with flu B rising in 2 regions “The nation's respiratory virus activity last week remained elevated, and flu levels rose in some regions of the country, partly due to a slight rise in influenza B activity, which is sometimes seen in the latter half of the flu season.
In its respiratory virus snapshot today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said COVID-19 indicators declined last week, with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) levels continuing to decline in many areas.”

About healthcare IT

 HHS rule goes into effect after pushback from Epic, Amazon “Health IT companies that supply artificial intelligence to health systems must meet new federal transparency requirements starting Feb. 8.
ONC's HTI-1 final rule went into effect, requiring that certified health IT developers provide clinical users a "consistent, baseline set of information" about their decision-making algorithms and their ‘fairness, appropriateness, validity, effectiveness, and safety.’ ONC-certified developers support care at over 96% of hospitals and 78% of office-based physicians, according to the HHS division.”

About healthcare personnel

 Primary care merger creates 680+ combined clinics “Denver-based Everside Health and Indianapolis-based Marathon Health, both primary care providers, have merged, combining more than 680 health centers across 41 states to serve 2.5 million eligible patients.”

About health technology

Health Resources Priorities and Allocations System (HRPAS) From HHS: “The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is issuing a final rule establishing standards and procedures by which it may require acceptance and priority performance of certain contracts or orders to promote the national defense over other contracts or orders with respect to health resources. This final rule also sets new standards and procedures by which HHS may allocate materials, services, and facilities to promote the national defense.”

Investigating the accuracy of blood oxygen saturation measurements in common consumer smartwatches “Using a clinical-grade pulse oximeter as the reference standard, there were statistically significant differences in accuracy between devices, with Apple Watch Series 7 having measurements closest to the reference standard… and the Garmin Venu 2s having measurements farthest from the reference standard…There were also significant differences in measurability across devices, with the highest data presence from the Apple Watch Series 7 (88.9% of attempted measurements were successful) and the highest data missingness from the Withings ScanWatch (only 69.5% of attempted measurements were successful).”
Unlike clinical oximeters, skin tone did not appear to play much of a role in these measurements.

About healthcare finance

INDUSTRY RESEARCH Healthcare Services A really good summary of PE investments for Q4 of 2023. Look, especially, at the graphic on page 8 for a summary of the relative sizes of investments sectors.

Report 10 of the largest US healthcare companies by revenue | 2024 FYI

Biotech bankruptcies hit 10-year peak in 2023 “2023 eclipsed all other years by far, with 18 companies filing for protection compared to eight in 2022, which had previously held the record as the highest bankruptcy year.”

Today's News and Commentary

About health insurance/insurers

 Cigna posts $1B profit in Q4 “The Cigna Group is projecting $235 billion in revenue by the end of 2024 and recorded double-digit growth in the fourth quarter across its core lines of business at Evernorth Health Services and Cigna Healthcare, according to the company's year-end earnings report published Feb. 2.
Total revenues in the fourth quarter were $51.1 billion, up 12% year over year. Total revenues in 2023 were $195.3 billion, up 8%.
In the fourth quarter, net income was more than $1 billion, down 14% from nearly $1.2 billion year over year. Year-end net income was nearly $5.2 billion, down 23% year over year.”

Medicaid Enrollment and Unwinding Tracker “At least 16,430,000 Medicaid enrollees have been disenrolled as of February 1, 2024, based on the most current data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Overall, 33% of people with a completed renewal were disenrolled in reporting states while 67%, or 32.5 million enrollees, had their coverage renewed (one reporting state does not include data on renewed enrollees). Due to varying lags for when states report data, the data reported here undercount the actual number of disenrollments to date.”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

 Novant completes $2.4B acquisition of Tenet hospitals “Winston-Salem, N.C.-based Novant Health has completed its $2.4 billion acquisition of three hospitals along with their affiliated physician clinics from Dallas-based Tenet Healthcare. 
Novant acquired Mount Pleasant, S.C.-based East Cooper Medical Center, Hilton Head (S.C.) Hospital and Hardeeville, S.C.-based Coastal Carolina Hospital, according to a Feb. 1 news release from Novant.”

About pharma

 Ad firm that marketed OxyContin agrees to $350M settlement “An advertising agency that helped develop a marketing strategy to sell opioids like OxyContin agreed to a $350 million national settlement, attorneys general announced Thursday.  
The settlement will be paid by Publicis Health, part of the French media conglomerate Publicis Groupe and one of the world’s largest health care advertising companies. It marks the first time an advertising company has reached a major settlement over the U.S. opioid epidemic.”

Hikma Pharmaceuticals to pay $150M for failure to monitor, report suspicious opioid ordersA multistate settlement in principle with opioid manufacturer Hikma Pharmaceuticals (Hikma) for its role in fueling the opioid crisis will provide $150 million to resolve claims by states and local communities.
Hikma produces a range of branded and generic opioid products and sells hundreds of millions of opioid doses every year. From 2006 to 2021, Hikma failed to monitor and report suspicious opioid orders from potentially illegal distributors, even while its personnel knew their systems to monitor suspicious orders were inadequate and prone to failure.
The settlement will provide $115 million in cash and $35 million in opioid addiction treatment medication. States that do not accept the medication will receive cash in lieu of product.”

Who's No. 1? With $25B in sales, Merck's Keytruda looks to be the top-selling drug of 2023With Merck reporting a whopping $25 billion sales haul for Keytruda on Thursday, the PD-1 cancer superstar appears to be the world’s top-selling drug in 2023.
Keytruda looks set to take over the top spot from Pfizer and BioNTech’s Comirnaty, which ruled the previous two years, scoring sales of $55.9 billion in 2022 and $55.1 billion in 2021, according to Drug Discovery and Development.”

 CMS to Negotiate Medicaid Outcomes-Based Agreements for Sickle Cell Gene TherapiesThe Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced Tuesday that it will seek outcomes-based agreements with manufacturers of sickle cell disease gene therapies in a bid to lower healthcare expenses and expand patient access to these multimillion-dollar treatments.
Under the agency’s Cell and Gene Therapy Access Model, which it first unveiled in February 2023, CMS will negotiate with manufacturers to come up with a pricing and rebate structure that ties the costs of these therapies to their efficacy and whether they improve health outcomes for treated patients.”

About the public’s health

 WHO Report: Worldwide Cancer Cases to Double by 2050 “The latest estimates from the World Health Organization predict global cancer cases will be up 77% by 2050, resulting in an estimated 18.5 million deaths.”

About healthcare IT

 HHS finalizes rule on telehealth at opioid treatment programs Dive Brief:

  • The HHS on Thursday finalized a rule that will allow opioid treatment programs to begin some medication treatment via telehealth.

  • Under the rule, these providers will be able to initiate treatment with buprenorphine through audio-only or audio-visual telehealth. They can begin methadone treatment via an audio-visual platform — but not through an audio-only option due to its higher risk profile, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration said. 

  • The regulation makes permanent telehealth flexibilities that began during the COVID-19 pandemic to preserve access to care and tackle a worsening opioid epidemic. “ 

Today's News and Commentary


About Healthcare Quality and Safety

 ECRI’s Top 10 Health Technology Hazards for 2024
“1. Medical Devices May Pose Usability Challenges for Home Users, Risking Misuse and Patient Harm

2. Inadequate or Onerous Device Cleaning Instructions Endanger Patients

3. Sterile Drug Compounding without the Use of Technological Safeguards Increases the Risk of Medication Errors

4. Overlooked Environmental Impacts of Patient Care Endanger Public Health

5. Insufficient Governance of AI Used in Medical Technologies Risks Inappropriate Care Decisions

6. Ransomware Targeting the Healthcare Sector Remains a Critical Threat

7. Increased Burn Risk with Single-Foil Electrosurgical Return Electrodes

8. Infusion Pump Damage Remains a Medication Safety Concern

9. Poor QC of Implantable Orthopedic Products Can Lead to Surgical Delays and Patient Harm

10. Third-Party Web Analytics Software Can Compromise Patient Confidentiality”

 Comment: It is interesting to follow this list over the years and see how it changes. Check out them out at www.ecri.org.

About health insurance/insurers

Medicare Advantage: A Policy Primer An excellent monograph from The Commonwealth Fund.

2025 Medicare Advantage and Part D Advance Notice Fact Sheet While there are a number of changes, the expected average change in revenue for MA plans is + 3.70%.

 Few Americans Know How Much Their Healthcare Costs “Seventeen percent of U.S. adults report they know how much their healthcare products or services will cost before receiving them. Results are similar across key demographic groups, including by race/ethnicity, gender, age, education level, geographic region and health insurance coverage status, suggesting a societywide lack of awareness about one’s healthcare costs, regardless of personal background.”

Cigna's Medicare sale 'clears path' for M&A “Cigna's plan to sell its Medicare business to Health Care Service Corp. is clearing a path for future mergers and acquisitions, according to S&P analysts. 
The company's Medicare segment ‘just didn't have that scale relative to where they needed to be and the margins didn't line up,’ S&P Global Ratings analyst Francesca Mannarino wrote Jan. 31. ‘So divesting this business could potentially set themselves up for future opportunity.’”

About hospitals and healthcare systems

JANUARY 2024 National Hospital Flash Report “Key Takeaways

1. Margins improved in December and are up by more than 15% compared to 2022, which marked the worst year since the beginning of the pandemic. Hospitals are experiencing general improvement across operational and financial measures.
2. Average length of stay has declined on a year-over-year basis. This continued stabilization reflects the ongoing effort by hospitals and health systems to have clear pathways for discharge. Despite current signs of improvement, acuity and average length of stay will likely rise in the long term as more lower-acuity care is shifted outside the hospital.
3. Outpatient revenue has grown significantly—increasing by more than 40% compared to 2020. This growth is being driven by the shift towards outpatient care settings due to reimbursement changes, patient preference, increased ability for care to be delivered in these settings, and further digitization.”

About pharma

Addendum to yesterday’s Biogen story about abandoning Aduhelm. The company will focus instead on Leqembi, an Alzheimer’s drug it developed with Japanese partner Eisai. 

Deal hungry Merck plans more phase 3 launches than in 2023After more than 20 phase 3 trials got underway in 2023, Merck is planning for even more this year, according to Dean Li, Ph.D., head of Merck Research Labs, on Thursday. Meanwhile, CEO Rob Davis says the company is hunting for more mid-sized deals. 
Three new assets entered phase 3 trials in the fourth quarter, all three of which came from business development. MK-1022 is the most recent, coming over in Merck’s multi-billion dollar deal with Daiichi Sankyo announced in the fall. Candidates stemming from Merck’s licensing deal with Kelun and 2022 acquisition of Imago also entered phase 3 studies.”

The FTC Is Attacking Drugmakers’ ‘Patent Thickets’ “The Federal Trade Commission has challenged the validity of over 100 drug product patents, focusing on devices used to deliver medicines, like inhalers and autoinjectors, in an effort to increase competition and potentially lower some prices.
The FTC says drugmakers illegitimately use the patents to prevent competitors from offering cheaper generic alternatives.
It’s the first time the FTC has tried the tactic, said Hannah Garden-Monheit, director of the FTC’s Office of Policy Planning.”

About the public’s health

 Updated Covid vaccine has 54% effectiveness, new data suggest “New data released Thursday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest that the most recent Covid-19 booster offers about 54% percent protection against infection with the virus.
A study published in the CDC’s online journal Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report showed that the updated vaccine was essentially equally effective at protecting against the strain targeted by the vaccine — called XBB.1.5 — and the JN.1 subvariant, which emerged after the vaccine was made. JN.1 is currently the dominant virus circulating in the United States.”

About healthcare IT

 2023 CAQH Index Report “ Data from the 2023 CAQH Index found that $89 billion (approximately 22 percent), is spent conducting administrative transactions tracked by the CAQH Index. Of the $89 billion, the industry can save $18.3 billion by transitioning to fully electronic transactions. This cost savings opportunity comprises roughly five percent of the cost of administrative complexity in the U.S. healthcare system.”

About healthcare personnel

Is the nation’s primary care shortage as bad as federal data suggest? An excellent article on this topic from The Washington Post.

The No. 1 problem still keeping hospital CEOs up at night “Hospital CEOs ranked workforce challenges as their No. 1 concern in 2023. Financial challenges, which held the top spot for 16 consecutive years prior to 2021, were listed the second-most pressing concern in the American College of Healthcare Executives' annual survey. Behavioral health and addiction issues ranked third.”